Organic Cocoa Market Segmentation, Highlights, Expert Reviews 2020 to 2030 | FMI Report (COVID-19 Impact) | Kraft Foods Inc., Cargill Incorporated, Tradin Organic Agriculture B.V.
Organic Cocoa Market Segmentation, Highlights, Expert Reviews 2020 to 2030 | FMI Report (COVID-19 Impact) | Kraft Foods Inc., Cargill Incorporated, Tradin Organic Agriculture B.V.

The MarketWatch News Department was not involved in the creation of this content.

   Nov 12, 2020 (MARKITWIRED via COMTEX) --

The certified organic cocoa market represents a very small share of the total cocoa market, estimated around 0.5% of total production. However, the demand for organic cocoa products are growing at a very strong pace, the supply side faces a strong challenge to meet the demand of organic cocoa. Since, farmers are paying ample amount for producing organic cocoa, production of organic cocoa is more in least developed countries. Organic cocoa has many nutritional benefits such as more fiber, iron, magnesium, copper, manganese and many other minerals. Moreover it also contains antioxidants, which helps to protect skin. Organic cocoa also helps to improve blood flow and lower blood pressure. Demand for organic cocoa products are very high in U.S, U.K and Germany, hence organic cocoa are supplied to developed economies of North America and Western Europe to manufacture organic cocoa products. Currently, Dominican Republic is dominating the organic cocoa market in terms of production that holds around 70 percent of the total market share; Peru, Ecuador and Mexico together hold around 20 percent of the market share in terms of production; rest around 10 percent is held by Bolivia, Ghana, Brazil and others.

Organic Cocoa Market Segmentation:

On the basis of product type the organic cocoa market is segmented into cocoa powder, cocoa paste, cocoa butter, cocoa beans and others (products containing cocoa). Products containing cocoa holds the highest market share in terms of value followed by cocoa beans and cocoa butter.

On the basis of application organic cocoa market is segmented into confectionaries, bakery, functional food, health drinks, home cooking use and others (pharmaceuticals, ointments, and toiletries). Organic cocoa is majorly used in food industry as a main ingredient of chocolate.

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Geographically, Organic cocoa market is segmented into North America, Latin America, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and Asia Pacific excluding Japan, Japan and Middle East & Africa (MEA). Latin America is dominating worldwide followed by Middle East and Africa (MEA) in terms of organic cocoa production. Majority of organic cocoa is exported to Western Europe followed by North America. U.K and U.S are the largest manufacturing countries of organic cocoa products in the world, since organic chocolate is more popular in U.K, U.S and Germany and consumers from those countries owe a significant inclination towards organic chocolates irrespective of high pricing of organic products.

Organic Cocoa Market Dynamics:

Chocolate is the main application of organic cocoa which is the main growth driver of organic cocoa market. Also, the organic cocoa market is expected to be largely driven by the health consciousness among consumers. However, lack of proper supply of organic cocoa restrains the global organic cocoa market which also leads to increase in price of organic cocoa. There is a huge opportunity in the North America and Western Europe and Japan. Asia Pacific excluding Japan is an untapped market which is also a potential market for organic cocoa. This is attributed to increasing inclination of consumers towards organic products, rapid urbanisation, strengthening supply chain for organic cocoa and rising health consciousness among consumers.

Organic Cocoa Market Key Player:

Some of the leading players are Kraft Foods Inc., Cargill Incorporated, Tradin Organic Agriculture B.V., Ciranda, Blommer Chocolate Company, Artisan Confections Company, PASCHA Company, InterNatural Foods LLC and Wilmor Publishing Corp.

The report covers exhaustive analysis on:

  • Organic Cocoa Market Segments

  • Organic Cocoa Market Dynamics

  • Historical Actual Market Size, 2012 – 2014

  • Organic Cocoa Market Size & Forecast 2015 to 2025

  • Supply & Demand Value Chain

  • Organic Cocoa Market Current Trends/Issues/Challenges

  • Competition & Companies involved

  • Technology

  • Value Chain

  • Organic Cocoa Market Drivers and Restraints

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Regional analysis for Organic cocoa Market includes

  • North America

    • US & Canada

  • Latin America

    • Brazil, Argentina & Others

  • Western Europe

    • EU5

    • Nordics

    • Benelux

  • Eastern Europe

  • Asia Pacific

    • Australia and New Zealand (ANZ)

    • Greater China

    • India

    • ASEAN

    • Rest of Asia Pacific

  • Japan

  • Middle East and Africa

    • GCC Countries

    • Other Middle East

    • North Africa

    • South Africa

    • Other Africa

The report is a compilation of first-hand information, qualitative and quantitative assessment by industry analysts, inputs from industry experts and industry participants across the value chain. The report provides in-depth analysis of parent market trends, macro-economic indicators and governing factors along with market attractiveness as per segments. The report also maps the qualitative impact of various market factors on market segments and geographies.

Report Highlights:

  • Detailed overview of parent market

  • Changing market dynamics of the industry

  • In-depth market segmentation

  • Historical, current and projected market size in terms of volume and value

  • Recent industry trends and developments

  • Competitive landscape

  • Strategies of key players and product offerings

  • Potential and niche segments/regions exhibiting promising growth

  • A neutral perspective towards market performance

  • Must-have information for market players to sustain and enhance their market footprints

NOTE – All statements of fact, opinion, or analysis expressed in reports are those of the respective analysts. They do not necessarily reflect formal positions or views of Future Market Insights.

COMTEX_374345787/2612/2020-11-12T08:21:49

Is there a problem with this press release? Contact the source provider Comtex at editorial@comtex.com. You can also contact MarketWatch Customer Service via our Customer Center.

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  <em>The MarketWatch News Department was not involved in the creation of this content.</em>
RedHill Biopharma Provides Q3/2020 Results and Highlights, Including 300% Talicia Prescription Growth
RedHill Biopharma Provides Q3/2020 Results and Highlights, Including 300% Talicia Prescription Growth


RedHill Biopharma Provides Q3/2020 Results and Highlights, Including 300% Talicia Prescription Growth – Book Publishing Industry Today – EIN Presswire




















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Election results reveal nation divided by race, religion, speakers say
Election results reveal nation divided by race, religion, speakers say

A man in Washington waves an American flag with the words “Biden Harris” near the White House Nov. 8, the day after the news media called the presidential election for Democrat Joe Biden. (CNS/Reuters/Erin Scott)

Religious voters were pivotal to President-elect Joe Biden’s victory over President Donald Trump in the 2020 election, but political divisions by race and sect run deep among voters of faith, speakers said in a Nov. 10 panel discussion hosted by Georgetown University’s Initiative on Catholic Social Thought and Public Life.

“This election was a referendum on the soul of the country,” said Elizabeth Dias, a national correspondent for The New York Times who covers faith and politics. “What is it that we want to become as a country? Who are we, who do we want to be as a people?”

Elana Schor speaks during a Nov. 10 panel on faith and the 2020 election hosted by Georgetown University’s Initiative on Catholic Social Thought and Public Life. (Georgetown University screenshot)

Religious voters played a significant role in the election on both sides, said Elana Schor, a national reporter on religion and politics for the Associated Press.

Throughout the campaign, Biden emphasized his Catholic faith and reached out to voters across a wide range of religious groups, she said.

“That decision by the Biden campaign to invest in that way of speaking about their candidate was a big step forward for Democrats, who have historically ceded that ground to Republicans,” Schor said.

Trump’s campaign also made headway among Latino voters by appealing to evangelical and Catholic Latinos in politically important locations. Conservative Catholic groups such as CatholicVote and the Susan B. Anthony List spent record amounts to support Trump, said Chris White, NCR’s national correspondent.

“[Trump’s campaign] was constantly broadcasting that message, that ‘we’re here for your priorities,'” Schor said, reflecting on Trump’s response to conservative religious voters. “The Trump campaign has a lot to feel good about in terms of faith outreach.”

Although Biden won both the electoral college and popular vote, historic turnout and strong support for Trump in certain communities speaks to deep divisions in American society that have existed for centuries, Dias said.

Elizabeth Dias speaks during the Nov. 10 panel on faith and the 2020 election. (Georgetown University screenshot)

On the one hand, the Black Lives Matter movement’s moral force motivated Black voters in crucial states for Democrats, Dias said. Democrats attempting to sway religious voters often pointed to racial justice, rather than abortion, as the preeminent moral issue of the day, in contrast to appeals often made by the religious right, she said.

“The role of Black Lives Matter in becoming … an absolute stake in the ground for what morality is and should be in this country was a huge mobilizing force across the country in key states,” Dias said.

Black churches, she said, played a major role in securing Biden’s nomination as the Democratic Party’s candidate.

On the other hand, white evangelicals and Catholics favored Trump, with 57% of white Catholics backing Trump, down slightly from 64% in 2016, according to AP Votecast.

During Trump’s presidency, white evangelicals and the religious right have reached the “pinnacle” of their political power in the United States, with three Supreme Court appointees under Trump and hundreds of new appointments to lower courts that will reshape the judiciary branch for decades, Dias said.

She said white evangelicals and white Christians more broadly flocked to Trump out of a sense of resentment and fear about their status in the nation.

“I’m not sure we can really say this was a resounding defeat of their values,” Dias said. “I think we have a giant cultural war going on, and we are going to have to continue to reckon with that.”

For many Catholics, abortion is still the most important political issue, White said, superseding other priorities Pope Francis has outlined, such as concern for migrants’ rights. Some painted Biden as a fake Catholic because of his pro-choice policies.

“If you’re a single-issue voter, and you’re a Catholic and abortion is that single issue, you’re going to have a hard time getting your mind around that this guy can reconcile being a Catholic with having a pro-choice view, at least when it comes to public policy,” White said. “The pro-life lobby will resist him at every turn because of this.”

While Biden won the overall Latino vote, he did not do as well as expected among certain Latino communities, particularly in the Rio Grande Valley in Texas and Miami-Dade County in Florida, White said.

Mark Shields speaks during the panel on faith and the 2020 election. (Georgetown University screenshot)

“The attitude of the press and of the public at large, of viewing Latinos as a monolith, was set on its ear,” said Mark Shields, a political commentator for “PBS NewsHour.”

The panelists speculated on whether Biden, as president, would be able to bring together vastly different interests to work together on legislative priorities.

Shields was optimistic, saying Biden is known for his ability to work across the aisle.

Schor and Dias, for their part, said the divisions were serious and would be difficult to bridge. Dias said the nation may even be more politically polarized than in 2016, judging by the high turnout.

In his victory speech on Nov. 7, Biden asked Americans to put aside divisions and strive for unity, Dias said.

“My question is — will that tone and will that plea from him actually work on the ground with people?” she said. “And my sense from talking to hundreds and hundreds of people this cycle is that people are very set in what they think.”

White said that within the Catholic church, bishops have been divided in their response to Biden’s victory.

Chris White during the panel on faith and the 2020 election on Nov. 10 (Georgetown University screenshot)

Some, such as Los Angeles Archbishop José Gomez, president of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, have congratulated Biden and appealed to Catholics to work together after the election. Others have questioned the election results, apparently amplifying Trump’s baseless claims about election fraud, White said.

“They’re going to have to do some soul-searching. … Religious leaders would be wise to drive their constituencies toward truth,” White said.

Dias said racial and religious divisions in the U.S. are not new, and will likely shape Biden’s presidency. The forces and systems that created them trace back to the beginning of the enslavement of Black people on the continent, she said.

“These are questions that every generation needs to address,” she said. “And we are in the thick of it in this country.”

[Madeleine Davison is an NCR Bertelsen intern. Her email address is mdavison@ncronline.org.]

Canada’s federal leaders will defend your right to wear a poppy, Just don’t ask them to stick up for your freedom of religion
Canada’s federal leaders will defend your right to wear a poppy, Just don’t ask them to stick up for your freedom of religion

The great furor over the poppy ban at Whole Foods lasted less than one news cycle last week, thanks to the full-throated outrage from political leaders all over Canada.

Imagine how long Quebec’s secularism bill — which bans a lot more than poppy-wearing — would have lasted with similar shock and condemnation from those same politicians.

Sanctimony is never in short supply in the realm of politics, but we seem to have entered the season for freedom-of-expression lectures in Canada.

The views, opinions and analyses expressed in the articles on National Newswatch are those of the contributor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of the publishers.

Click here for more political news headlines

Do not like offending anyone's religion: Cardi B apologises for Goddess Durga look on magazine cover
Do not like offending anyone’s religion: Cardi B apologises for Goddess Durga look on magazine cover

By PTI

LOS ANGELES: American rapper Cardi B has apologised for appropriating Goddess Durga’s image for a magazine cover shoot.

The 28-year-old musician recently appeared on the cover of Footwear News magazine, posing as Goddess Durga with shoes in her hands, while promoting her first line of sneakers with Reebok.

In the magazine’s cover photo, Cardi B is seen holding a shoe while multiple arms stretched out around her from her shoulders.

The singer was then slammed on social media with many Indian users claiming that she has insulted the Hindu goddess, while others took offence to her outfit.

On Wednesday, Cardi B took to her Instagram story and apologised to her Indian fans.

In a video message, the musician said, “When I did the shoot, the creatives told me I was going to represent a Goddess; that she represents strength, femininity and liberation, and that’s something I love and I’m all about.”

“And though it was dope, if people think I’m offending their culture or their religion I want to say that was not my intent.

I do not like offending anyone’s religion; I wouldn’t like it if someone did it to my religion,” she added.

Cardi B maintained that her intention was not to disrespect anyone’s god.

“When people dress as Virgin Mary and Jesus, as long as they do it in a beautiful, graceful way”.

But I wasn’t trying to be disrespectful; maybe I should have done my research.

I’m sorry, I can’t change the past but I will do more research for the future,” she added.

Buddhist Times News – Dalai Lama calls for urgent climate action
Buddhist Times News – Dalai Lama calls for urgent climate action

By   —  Shyamal Sinha

The Dalai Lama has appealed to world leaders to take urgent action against climate change, warning of ecological destruction affecting the lives of billions and ruining the planet, including his birth country, Tibet.

As well as global climate change, industrial projects such as mining, damming and deforestation are leading to the Tibetan glacier melting at a faster rate, contributing in turn to further global warming.

Before the Chinese occupation there was almost no Tibetan industrialization, damming, draining of wetlands, fishing and hunting of wildlife. Tibet remained unfenced, its grasslands intact, its cold climate able to hold enormous amounts of organic carbon in the soil.

China has now moved millions of Tibetan nomads from their traditional grasslands to urban settlements, opening their land for the extraction of resources and ending traditional agricultural practices which have sustained and protected the Tibetan environment for centuries.

As a call to action he has brought out a new book declaring that if Buddha returned to this world, “Buddha would be green”.

In an interview for Channel 4 News and the Guardian, the Buddhist spiritual leader spoke from the Indian city of Dharamsala, where he has been exiled for six decades. He warned that “global warming may reach such a level that rivers will dry” and that “eventually Tibet will become like Afghanistan”, with terrible consequences for at least a billion people dependent on water from the plateau “at the roof of the world”.

The Tibetan plateau, dubbed the “Third Pole” and part of the “Roof of the World”, holds the third largest store of water-ice in the world and is the source of many of Asia’s rivers. Tibetan climate also generates and regulates monsoon rains over Asia.

For China’s government, Tibet’s water is another resource to be exploited, for hydro-electric power, diversion to supply people elsewhere in China, bottling as a consumer product, and even as a source of strategic influence over countries downstream who rely on water from Tibet’s rivers.

Damming has taken place or will soon take place on every major river in Tibet. These dams change water flow, create new lakes, disturb local ecosystems and have significant effects downstream, including stopping the flow of silt which makes agricultural land fertile. Dams and infrastructure such as new roads can force Tibetans from their land.

In a massive engineering project, China even plans to divert water from Tibet to feed 300 million of its own citizens.

The 85-year-old Nobel peace laureate is considered by his followers to be the earthly manifestation of an enlightened one who has chosen rebirth in order to help liberate all living beings from suffering through compassion.

Lhamo Thondup, as he was named at birth, was discovered as the latest incarnation of the Dalai Lama when he was just two years old. He uses Zoom to communicate with people around the globe these days, unable to travel or invite visitors because of the coronavirus pandemic.

He insists, as he announced in 2011, that he is retired from politics and his leadership of the struggles for Tibetan freedom from China, and that ecology is now the thing that is “very, very important” to him.

In the week the Cop26 UN climate conference was to have been held in Glasgow, he says has high expectations of world leaders, and wants them to act on the Paris climate agreement.

Free Tibet is calling for international recognition for Tibet at the COP26 Climate Summit in Glasgow in 2021.

Help us secure a place for Tibet at COP26. Sign our petition today and in the autumn we will take your signatures to the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Environmental Affairs of participating countries.

Tibetans deserve representation and a say in their own environment.

“The United Nations should take a more active role in this field,” he says. Asked whether world leaders are failing, he says: “The big nations should pay more attention to ecology. I hope you see those big nations who spent a lot of money for weapons or war turn their resources to the preservation of the climate.”

The Dalai Lama says that if he joined a political party now, “I would like to join the Green party. Their idea is very good.”

The Dalai Lama has been known to put his foot in it with inadvertent enthusiasm, such as when he said it was possible he could be succeeded by a woman, but that she should be “very, very attractive”. He later made clear that he had meant no offence and said he was deeply sorry that people had been hurt by his words.

His suggestion for how to make world leaders see sense on climate change may also raise eyebrows, but again seems to be the product of a lively 85-year-old sense of humour. The Dalai Lama chuckles as he suggests we should lock them all in a room and “pipe carbon dioxide into it until they realise what climate change really means”. He explains that “people who have a certain luxury sort of style of life in a room without proper oxygen” would realise “it is very difficult”.

The Dalai Lama says he is in favour of large-scale tree planting to help tackle climate change. He also believes meat consumption worldwide should fall dramatically, but explains that since his own decision to go vegetarian in 1965, health problems have led doctors to advise him to resume eating a little meat.

He says his greatest personal contribution to fighting climate change is education and promoting the concept of compassion. The Dalai Lama is most passionate when talking about his idea of oneness among 7 billion people. “We see too much emphasis on my nation, my religion, their religion. That really is causing all these problems due to different religions and different nations are fighting. So now we really need oneness.” He even says he can now live as one with China, which he claims is “the biggest Buddhist population now”.

A Changpa nomadic shepherd watches over his pashmina goats near Korzok, a village in the Leh district of Ladakh. Many are rethinking their way of life, in part because of climate change. Photograph: Noemi Cassanelli/AFP/Getty Images

Nearing the end of this life, the Dalai Lama has not publicly explained how his reincarnation should be sought, or whether a 15th Dalai Lama should be found at all. He jokes that in his next life “I may be born on the Moon or Mars. Then I will starve.”

In the past he has raised the idea of being the last in the line of Dalai Lamas, perhaps to prevent China naming a politically cooperative successor. For now, he says he wants to leave that decision to others. “As long as I live I should be useful to help other people. Then after that, not my business. These are the concerns of other people.”

His advice for the rest of us living through the coronavirus pandemic is similarly practical, crediting an unnamed Indian scholar with the idea that “If there’s a way to overcome [coronavirus], then no need to worry. If there is no way to overcome, then it’s no use to worry too much either.”

The environmental changes wrought by the coronavirus were first visible from space. Then, as the disease and the lockdown spread, they could be sensed in the sky above our heads, the air in our lungs and even the ground beneath our feet.

https://www.buddhisttimes.news/dalai-lama-calls…t-climate-action/

Antimicrobials: handle with care. United in the One Health approach to protect antimicrobials
Antimicrobials: handle with care. United in the One Health approach to protect antimicrobials

Joint statement by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia, the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Sub-Regional Representation for Central Asia, and WHO/Europe

12 November 2020

As Tripartite partners, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia, the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Sub-Regional Representation for Central Asia, and WHO/Europe are united in support of World Antimicrobial Awareness Week (WAAW) 2020.

Since 2015, WAAW has been focusing on awareness-raising and education towards the responsible and prudent use of the antimicrobials. Previously World Antibiotic Awareness Week, the name was changed this year to World Antimicrobial Awareness Week to reflect the breadth of the initiative. Antimicrobials include antibiotic, antiviral, antifungal and antiprotozoal agents, which are critical tools for treating diseases in humans, animals and plants.

WAAW is particularly important this year as the COVID-19 crisis is increasing the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials, including antibiotics. Unless something is done, this could worsen the growing, long-term problems of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

The Tripartite recognizes the need for access to antimicrobials, as they are essential to ensure human and animal health, food supply, and food safety. However, countries need to step up implementation of their national AMR strategies and policies across sectors, as well as their commitment to tackling the emergence of AMR.

AMR is a global crisis. There is no time to wait. Everyone has a role to play in preserving the effectiveness of antimicrobials. The Tripartite calls on their Member States to strengthen measures to combat AMR, widely publicize the global challenge and encourage people to change their behaviour regarding the use of antimicrobials. Human and animal health agencies, the environment and food sectors, as well as civil society must unite efforts to preserve antimicrobial efficacy through a multisectoral One Health approach.

The AMR crisis applies to everyone. So, let us act for the sake of all humanity.

‘Gospel Truth’ for November 15, 2020 - Vatican News
‘Gospel Truth’ for November 15, 2020 – Vatican News

In this week’s edition of “Gospel Truth”, the late Jill Bevilacqua and Seán-Patrick Lovett bring us readings and reflections from the Gospel of St. Matthew 25:14-30.

Listen to our reflections

Jesus told his disciples this parable:
“A man going on a journey
called in his servants and entrusted his possessions to them.
To one he gave five talents; to another, two; to a third, one–
to each according to his ability. 
Then he went away.
Immediately the one who received five talents went and traded with them,
and made another five.
Likewise, the one who received two made another two. 
But the man who received one went off and dug a hole in the ground
and buried his master’s money.

“After a long time
the master of those servants came back
and settled accounts with them.
The one who had received five talents came forward
bringing the additional five. 
He said, ‘Master, you gave me five talents. 
See, I have made five more.’
His master said to him, ‘Well done, my good and faithful servant. 
Since you were faithful in small matters,
I will give you great responsibilities. 
Come, share your master’s joy.’
Then the one who had received two talents also came forward and said,
‘Master, you gave me two talents. 
See, I have made two more.’
His master said to him, ‘Well done, my good and faithful servant. 
Since you were faithful in small matters,
I will give you great responsibilities.
Come, share your master’s joy.’

Then the one who had received the one talent came forward and said, 
‘Master, I knew you were a demanding person,
harvesting where you did not plant
and gathering where you did not scatter;
so out of fear I went off and buried your talent in the ground. 
Here it is back.’

His master said to him in reply, ‘You wicked, lazy servant!
So you knew that I harvest where I did not plant
and gather where I did not scatter? 
Should you not then have put my money in the bank
so that I could have got it back with interest on my return? 
Now then! Take the talent from him and give it to the one with ten. 
For to everyone who has,
more will be given and he will grow rich;
but from the one who has not,
even what he has will be taken away.
And throw this useless servant into the darkness outside,
where there will be wailing and grinding of teeth.'”

Revolve Group Inc (RVLV) Q3 2020 Earnings Call Transcript
Revolve Group Inc (RVLV) Q3 2020 Earnings Call Transcript

Image source: The Motley Fool.

Revolve Group Inc (NYSE:RVLV)
Q3 2020 Earnings Call
Nov 11, 2020, 4:30 p.m. ET

Contents:

  • Prepared Remarks
  • Questions and Answers
  • Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good afternoon, my name is Chris and I’ll be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Revolve’s Third Quarter 2020 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Thank you.

At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Erik Randerson, Vice President of Investor Relations at Revolve. Thank you. You may begin.

Erik RandersonVice President of Investor Relations

Good afternoon, everyone, and thanks for joining us to discuss Revolve’s third quarter 2020 results. Before we begin, I would like to mention that we have posted a presentation containing Q3 2020 financial highlights to our Investor Relations website located at investors.revolve.com.

I would also like to remind you that this conference call will include forward-looking statements. These statements include our current expectations regarding the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations and financial results, and our outlook for net sales, product mix, gross margin, operating expenses, and capital expenditures for the fourth quarter. These statements are subject to various risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these statements, including the risks mentioned in this afternoon’s press release as well as other risks and uncertainties disclosed under the caption Risk Factors and elsewhere in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, without limitation, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, all of which can be found on our website at investors.revolve.com. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements or information except as required by law.

During our call today, we will also reference certain non-GAAP financial information, including adjusted EBITDA and free cash flow. We use non-GAAP measures in some of our financial discussions, as we believe they more closely represent the true operational performance and underlying results of our business. The presentation of this non-GAAP financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, and our non-GAAP measures may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies. Reconciliations of GAAP to non-GAAP measures, as well as the description, limitations and rationale for using each measure, can be found in this afternoon’s press release and in our SEC filings.

Joining me on the call today are our co-founders and co-CEOs, Mike Karanikolas and Michael Mente, as well as Jesse Timmermans, our CFO. Following our prepared remarks, we’ll open the call for your questions.

With that, I’ll turn the call over to Mike.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Thanks, Erik. Good afternoon, everyone and thanks for joining us today. Before we get into the details of the quarter, I’ll provide some higher-level thoughts on our longer-term vision. We founded Revolve 17 years ago with the goal of becoming the fashion destination for the next-generation consumer. From the beginning, our focus was on the customer experience, the utilization of data to drive decisions, and the creation of an authentic connection with our customer through our merchandise offering and marketing message. These areas of focus are still at the core of what we do today, and what differentiates us, and what we believe will continue to drive growth into the future.

As a brand known for the discovery of on-trend merchandise centered around aspirational experiences and lifestyle content, including social gatherings, travel, and special occasions, the current environment, impacted by COVID, has resulted in revenue pressure and what we believe is a temporary deviation from our historical growth pattern. Despite these pressures, we have been able to leverage the investments in our platform over time to produce notable increases in margin and profitability that we are excited to share with you today.

We believe the revenue pressures are temporary as people will eventually socialize in person again and travel will return. Until then, we’ll continue to invest in our brand and platform to set ourselves up to take advantage of what we believe, post-COVID, will be a strong rebound as a result of prolonged pent up demand.

With that longer-term framework as a backdrop, there are three key financial highlights of our third quarter that I want to call out: First, we delivered record EPS of $0.27 per share, record net income of $19 million and record adjusted EBITDA of $24 million. Adjusted EBITDA grew 66% year-over-year and EPS grew at an even faster rate.

Second, we achieved our highest-ever gross margins in the third quarter of 55.3%, a nearly 5 point increase from the second quarter and up almost 2 points year-over-year. The higher gross margin year-over-year was a key driver of our significant growth in profitability, and reflects a high percentage of net sales at full price in the third quarter and improved inventory dynamics.

Third, we generated $14 million of operating cash flow and $14 million in free cash flow, which was up 86% year-over-year, on the heels of generating $54 million in operating cash flow in the second quarter. We now have $159 million in cash on the balance sheet. Our strong balance sheet not only provides us with the capital necessary to navigate through this uncertain time, but more importantly, allows us to reinvest in the business to drive long-term growth.

I’m extremely thankful for all of our dedicated employees who have shown impressive collaboration and agility, day in and day out. Even with most of our teams continuing to work from home, the organization has remained laser-focused on ensuring the safety of our employees and maintaining exceptional service levels for our customers while continuing to drive efficiencies throughout the business.

Now, getting into the specifics of our third quarter results. Recall that on our second quarter investor call in August, we talked about the strong pace of recovery for much of the second quarter before net sales leveled off in mid to late June. As previously shared, our net sales in July and early August remained very slightly positive, increasing year-over-year in the low-single digits. The modest growth trend in net sales remained consistent through the end of August. The trend changed in September with the modest growth in July and August turning to a year-over-year decline in net sales in September, the first year-over-year decline since May of this year.

For the third quarter as a whole, net sales declined 2% year-over-year, which is a 10 point improvement on a sequential basis compared to the 12 point decline in net sales reported for the second quarter. While we are pleased with the 10 point sequential improvement for the quarter as a whole, we would have liked to see a stronger close to the quarter. As we look at the recent trends, there are a few things that we believe are contributing to the top line deceleration.

First, the impact of COVID-19 and more specifically, social distancing, continues to have a significant impact on our business. Our inability to host large scale in-person events has a lagging and growing negative impact the longer we are in a COVID-19 sheltered state. While the brand marketing team has done an incredible job pivoting into livestreaming content and other avenues of engagement, it is very difficult to make up for the millions of engagement points and billions of impressions that come with our in-person events. We are excited to reverse both of these trends in what we believe will be a strong and healthy post-COVID world.

Second, competition for keywords and other forms of digital advertising increased in the third quarter, particularly on a sequential basis compared to the second quarter when online advertising rates were still recovering from the March lows. We attribute the significant increase in online advertising investment in our product categories industry wide to traditional brick and mortar retailers shifting their focus online given the unprecedented increase in e-commerce penetration driven by COVID-19.

Third, and looking at the net sales trends from the second quarter to the third quarter, it’s important to note that net sales contributions from markdowns were very strong in the second quarter, helping the top line comp. While we were able to successfully work through our markdown inventory and rebalance our overall inventory levels, the significant reduction in markdown inventory entering the third quarter led to incremental top line pressure. At the same time, a lower mix of markdown sales and shallower markdowns helped drive the very strong margins and profitability in the quarter.

Aside from the strong Q3 financial results, I am encouraged by the positive impacts from continued operational enhancements on our platform and the customer experience initiatives that we continue to roll out in our international markets.

Our Operations team delivered phenomenal results, as we saw the impact of lower return rates as well as efficiency gains from automation and other investments we’ve made over the last 18 months continue to provide benefits.

Consider that fulfillment costs per order decreased 15% year-over-year, all the while maintaining best-in-class service levels with a record 99% of customer orders received by Noon Pacific Time shipping out the very same day. We believe this level of performance benchmarks very favorably compared to most other e-commerce companies.

Shifting to a discussion of our International business. We had a strong third quarter in our International markets, financially and operationally. Australia, Canada and Western Europe each delivered strong double-digit growth in net sales year-over-year, partially offset by a decline in Asia.

One of the most important strategies we can employ in international markets is to localize the country to provide the same great experience offered in the US. We recently announced that, for the first time, Revolve customers in Canada, one of our top five international markets have access to hassle-free returns at no cost, including refunds of all applicable duties and taxes. Our launch of all-inclusive pricing for Canadian customers is very important because by including duties within the price of the product up front, we eliminate the sticker shock at checkout and significantly streamline the process for merchandise returns.

Now, shifting to the more recent trends in the fourth quarter to date. The softer year-over year net sales trends in September carried through to October with a high single-digit decline in net sales on a year-over-year basis. Similar to what we experienced in September, we continue to experience strength in the at home categories that is more than offset by the ongoing pressure in occasion-driven categories.

By geography, in October, international net sales continued to remain stronger than net sales in the US. However, we are very cautious due to the resurgence of COVID-19 cases and the corresponding social distancing restrictions in some of our largest international regions including the UK and Western Europe.

Before I turn it over to Michael, I want to reiterate how pleased I am with our ability to navigate through these challenging times. So, again, thanks to all of our team members for your hard work and resilience, for staying nimble, and for your dedication to exceeding our customers’ expectations.

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Thanks, Mike and hello, everyone. The strength of our business, the power of our brand, and most importantly, the incredible execution of our team, enabled us to deliver our most profitable quarter ever. Even surpassing our record profitability from last quarter. I’m truly proud of how much our team has accomplished during this extremely challenging period. This phenomenal execution has further strengthened our financial profile and positions us well to capitalize on the long-term opportunity ahead.

To expand on Mike’s opening remarks, we are focused on building the fashion destination for the next-generation consumer. Our customer comes to us for discovery and looks to us for inspiration. Even during this unique and challenging time, these shopping behaviors remain. We continue to provide a broad, yet curated assortment of the most on-trend merchandise that provides her with the ability to discover products that suit her lifestyle, whether it’s travel and social occasions, most recently, a more stay at home and active lifestyle. To complement our merchandise offering, we provide her with constant inspiration through authentic and aspirational lifestyle content. Important to this authenticity is providing content that connects with her on platforms she is engaging with and speaks to what’s happening in her life.

The team has done a great job of expanding into emerging social platforms and providing content centered around her current lifestyle. I am excited about the progress we continue to make on the merchandising and marketing fronts and believe that despite the challenges of the last couple quarters, we will emerge much stronger and even better positioned for the long term.

Starting with our merchandise. The ongoing reality of a more stay at home lifestyle has allowed us to further deepen the relationship with our customer by highlighting our offering of incredible fashion and design, in areas that were not top of mind until very recently. Our emerging categories such as beauty, intimates and loungewear are all strongly resonating.

Additionally, more than ever, our customer is demonstrating a healthy and active lifestyle, leading to greater opportunity in activewear and swimwear. Our results for the past two quarters demonstrate our ability to serve our customer in new ways and broaden how customers perceive Revolve’s product selection.

In the third quarter, sales in the at home and active categories of beauty, accessories, intimates, sweaters / knits and swimwear increased approximately 50% year-over-year on a combined basis. By further enhancing our merchandising strategy, we believe we can expand our share of her wallet over the long term. It’s incredibly important to us that whatever our customer needs, she can always come to Revolve as her trusted source of style.

An exciting example of one of the more prominent shifts in our mix is the beauty category, with net sales increasing more than 100% year-over-year for the second straight quarter as COVID-19 has been a catalyst for shifting beauty sales online. Beauty is a category where the majority of customers in our demographic look to influencers for beauty product inspiration, a great fit with our global network of influencers. In fact, this month we are launching a beauty gift box with mega-influencer, actress and model, Shay Mitchell, who has nearly 30 million Instagram followers.

An important component within our long-term merchandising strategy is the expansion of our Owned Brands. As we discussed on previous calls, we temporarily pulled back our Owned Brand offering as a response to the uncertainty and demand pressures introduced by COVID-19. The result was a trough in the number of new styles delivered in the quarter. We have already started making the investments necessary to increase our style production and assortment with a targeted 50% increase in the number of Owned Brand styles delivered as we exit the year, as compared to the third quarter.

Additionally, we had discussed making investments into the Owned Brand division to increase the diversity and quality of our product offering. I’m pleased to report that the early results are extremely encouraging, with a significant improvement in productivity per style, as compared to the same period last year.

While we are optimistic on the trajectory of our Owned Brands, bear in mind that despite the increase in new styles delivered in the coming months, due to inventory dynamics, we still expect a sequential decline in our Owned Brand penetration in the fourth quarter of 2020, before beginning to increase sometime in mid-2021.

Shifting to a discussion of our brand marketing strategy. We continued with a successful digital playbook in the third quarter, hosting several well-attended, virtual events. Similar to the shift in merchandising focus in this COVID period, we have also broadened our marketing message to address more aspects of her life. This was the concept behind REVOLVE U, an event we have been developing, even before COVID. Hosted in late September, REVOLVE U was a week-long virtual activation that included seven keynote speakers and over 300 influencers. This unique event increased our reach and followers across multiple social channels, and featured content focused on topics such as The Business of Social Media, Building a Brand, Career Journeys, Mental and Physical Health, and Entrepreneurship.

While we continue to expand and invest in new digital platforms such as IGTV, Instagram Reels, YouTube and TikTok, we are also excited to share that we have recently hosted a series of successful in-person events called Camp REVOLVE that included adherence to comprehensive safety precautions. Dipping our toe back into in-person events is important to build the brand and differentiating ourselves. Furthermore, our in-person events tend to capture more eyeballs, garner more press and generate more customer interactions, all of which are important drivers of traffic and new customers.

We are excited about the future that will include hosting regular in-person events with the added element of our new digital playbook, which we believe will be a very powerful combination. We are executing well while continuing to invest in our key growth initiatives during this challenging period. At REVOLVE, we are always focused on the long term, and I am confident we are well positioned to capture further market share in the years ahead, particularly with what we believe is an accelerated and permanent shift to digital commerce.

With that, Jesse will close out with some additional detail on the financial results and trends.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Thanks, Michael. As our results attest, we have continued to execute well in a very difficult environment.

For the second straight quarter, we achieved record net income and record adjusted EBITDA; we generated strong free cash flow that strengthened our balance sheet; and we drove our highest inventory turns in several years.

Now, starting with the third quarter results. Net sales decreased 2% year-over-year. As Mike mentioned, we began the third quarter with low-single-digit growth in July and August that was offset by a larger single-digit decline in September.

Occasion wear product categories faced the most significant headwinds since many special occasions remain on pause due to social distancing concerns, and as we worked through our markdown inventory in those categories in the second quarter. To provide some context regarding the impact of reduced markdown inventory on net sales in the third quarter, our largest category, dresses, is a good example. If year-over-year growth in markdown sales of dresses alone had remained consistent between the second quarter of 2020 and the third quarter of this year, our total net sales would have actually increased year-over-year in the third quarter.

Drilling further into the top line for the third quarter. By segment, REVOLVE segment net sales decreased 4% and FORWARD segment net sales increased 9% year-over-year.

Active customers were 1.5 million, an increase of 5% year-over-year. The trend is consistent with our commentary last quarter that we expected growth in Active Customers to further decelerate as the trailing 12-month metric captured a larger number of quarterly periods impacted by COVID as compared to the high customer growth quarters of last year. With the continued pressures on traffic and demand, we expect further deceleration in this metric until we start to cycle out of the suppressed COVID period.

Orders placed were 1.1 million, a decrease of 4% year-over-year. Average order value was $232, an increase from $204 in the second quarter of 2020, but remained 16% lower compared to Q3 of 2019. The year-over-year decline in AOV was primarily driven by a shift in net sales mix to at home product categories, such as beauty and loungewear with lower average price points, and a decline in net sales of dresses, which carry higher average order values. These AOV headwinds were partially offset by a higher mix of full price sales, our highest full price sales for a third quarter in over ten years, as well as a greater sales mix attributable to our higher price point luxury segment, FORWARD.

Partially offsetting the lower number of orders and the lower Average Order Value was a decrease in merchandise returned year-over-year. We attribute the lower return rate year-over-year to a combination of more deliberate purchasing behavior by consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as a COVID-19 driven shift in mix to product categories with lower price points and lower return rates, such as beauty, and away from occasion wear, such as dresses, a category with a higher-than-average return rate. That said, we did experience a sequential increase in the return rate from the second quarter, but it remains well below the prior-year periods.

International net sales increased 18% year-over-year, outperforming the 6% decline in net sales in the US. As Mike mentioned, we experienced strength in western regions and emerging markets, partially offset by weakness in Asia.

Moving to gross profit. Consolidated gross margin was 55.3%, the highest ever reported for a third quarter and an increase of approximately 160 basis points over the prior year. This performance was much better than we anticipated, and reflects healthy increases in margin across both segments.

Within the REVOLVE segment, we delivered gross margin of 57.2%, up approximately 180 basis points year-over-year. The REVOLVE segment margin benefited from meaningfully improved inventory dynamics exiting the second quarter of 2020 that contributed to a healthy inventory balance, leading to a year-over-year increase in the percentage of REVOLVE segment net sales at full-price, and a decrease in the depth of markdowns. These positive contributors to gross margin were partially offset by a year-over-year decrease in the mix of Owned Brands as a percentage of REVOLVE segment net sales, consistent with the outlook we shared on recent investor conference calls.

Within the FORWARD segment, we delivered gross margin of 42.9%, an increase of approximately 190 basis points year-over-year. The increase reflects a healthy inventory balance, shallower markdowns and a favorable mix of merchandise sold. We were encouraged to see an easing of promotional activity across the luxury space in Q3.

And now moving to the cost structure, where we delivered highly efficient results. For the second straight quarter, we achieved leverage on every major expense line item on the P&L.

Starting with Fulfillment. Fulfillment costs were 2.8% of net sales, an improvement of about 60 basis points year-on-year. The team did an outstanding job driving efficiencies while maintaining our top priority of protecting the health and safety of our employees and delivering a best-in-class experience for our customers. The automation launched last year was further expanded during the second quarter and is delivering a compelling return. We also continued to benefit from cost efficiencies resulting from a lower return rate year-over-year.

Selling and distribution costs were 13.8% of net sales, an improvement of approximately 80 basis points year-over-year. Once again, we benefited from reduced shipping costs due to lower returns and, to a lesser extent, efficiencies in payment processing and customer service costs.

Marketing costs were 12.5% of net sales, a decrease of approximately 250 basis points year-over-year. Marketing efficiency primarily reflects reduced brand marketing investments since hosting in-person Revolve events remained on pause. Our investment in brand marketing decreased by $3.2 million year-over-year and performance marketing investments decreased by the remaining $1.1 million in Q3.

It is important to note that our brand building investments will remain a key component in our long-term growth algorithm, so we do not expect the total marketing expense as a percentage of net sales to remain at the reduced levels we have reported for the past two quarters.

General and administrative costs were 11.7% of net sales in the third quarter, an improvement of approximately 60 basis points year-over-year. The reduced G&A cost reflects lower headcount and our COVID-19 cost containment efforts that were in place for a portion of the third quarter. In addition, as part of the Owned Brands reset that was accelerated due to COVID, we reduced costs in this area. As we start to rebuild and design into new product categories and get ahead of an anticipated return of demand, we will reinvest in this area over the coming quarters.

For the third quarter of 2020, we achieved record net income of $19 million, or $0.27 per diluted share, more than doubling the $0.13 in diluted EPS in the prior year. In addition to our strong operating results, our EPS comparison benefited from a lower tax rate in 2020, primarily due to excess tax benefits realized as a result of stock option exercises. Even when excluding these discrete tax benefits, our net income and diluted EPS would have each increased more than 65% year-over-year. We also reported record adjusted EBITDA of $24 million, an increase of 66% year-over-year, for a margin of 15.9%.

Moving to the cash flow statement. We had another outstanding quarter for cash flow generation. Free cash flow was $14 million, a year-over-year increase of 86%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, free cash flow was $74 million, more than doubling our free cash flow reported for all of 2019.

The strong cash flow generation significantly strengthened our balance sheet and liquidity. Cash and equivalents as of September 30, 2020 were $159 million, an increase of $8 million during the third quarter, despite the repayment of $9 million on our revolving line of credit. As we look ahead and think about capital allocation and the use of cash, our number 1 priority is fortifying our balance sheet to position us to invest in growth as we exit the COVID era, followed by strategic organic investments to drive long-term growth. Given our capital efficiency, we also have the opportunity to explore other investments, including opportunistic and disciplined M&A.

We are pleased with our inventory levels and the healthy inventory dynamics in the quarter. We ended Q3 with $74 million in inventory, a year-over-year decrease of 29%, but up $9 million from the second quarter as we started to reinvest to build a sufficient inventory level and appropriate inventory mix to support demand. By comparison, our net sales decreased year-over-year by only 2%, which illustrates our significant improvement in inventory turns.

Now, let me talk about the business trends since the third quarter ended on September 30th. Given the fluid and uncertain environment that we continue to operate in, we’ll again skip any traditional guidance. Instead, we will share some recent trends and assumptions to help in your modeling of the fourth quarter.

Starting from the top, as Mike mentioned, net sales in October were down by a high-single-digit percentage year-over year. In terms of product categories, we continue to see strength in new at home categories that has been offset by continuing headwinds in occasion wear categories, such as dresses and skirts.

From a macro perspective, we see a great deal of uncertainty affecting our customer demographic. COVID-19 cases around the world are reaccelerating, leading to increased restrictions on social outings that have been a key driver for our brand. When combined with the high unemployment rates and lack of new US stimulus measures, we see continuing challenges in the current environment.

Shifting to gross margin. The Q3 gross margin performance was well ahead of our initial expectations, benefiting from a higher mix of full price sales and shallower markdowns. Moving to Q4, we expect gross margin to come in more in line with the prior-year fourth quarter gross margin of 53% as a result of a lower mix of owned brand sales year-over-year, as well as what we expect to be a prolonged holiday promotional cadence.

For our Selling and Distribution and Fulfillment cost line items, we expect the combination of Selling and Distribution and Fulfillment expenses to be flat to slightly higher as a percentage of net sales in the fourth quarter when compared to Q4 of 2019. There are a couple factors contributing to this assumption.

First, as you have all heard, the major shippers are imposing surcharges on packages during the fourth quarter that are likely to drive higher shipping costs in Q4. Second, Fulfillment and Selling & Distribution have each realized efficiencies from the lower return rate year-over-year. In Fulfillment, we incur lower labor costs due to less time spent handling the returned units that come into the warehouse. And in Selling and Distribution, where the majority of the costs are shipping related, fewer returns means reduced shipping, packaging and payment processor costs.

Since bottoming out in the second quarter of 2020, our return rate has been increasing with each passing month, so we are planning for a sequential increase in costs as a result. We do, however, expect our return rate in the fourth quarter of 2020 to remain lower on a year-over-year basis. These cost pressures will be partially offset by continued efficiencies realized as a result of the automation and process improvements discussed earlier.

Marketing. We are planning for marketing as a percentage of net sales in the fourth quarter to remain approximately flat year-over-year. After two straight quarters of significantly reduced marketing spend and with our strong balance sheet, we believe it’s time to start pushing our marketing investment again to continue to build the brand, drive traffic and increase customer activity.

General and Administrative. On a year-over-basis, we are planning for G&A expense to be lower in the fourth quarter as compared to the prior year. Compared to the third quarter of 2020, we expect G&A expense to increase in Q4 since the temporarily reduced salaries and wages have been fully restored to their pre-COVID levels for our active employees.

To recap, we believe we have executed well during what is a very challenging environment with a focus on safety for our employees, efficiency in our operations and building a strong balance sheet. With a healthy base of inventory and our cash balance, we are shifting back into investment mode with an increase in our marketing investments, an increase in our inventory levels and assortment, and investments into our Owned Brand capabilities.

Now we’ll open it up for your questions.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our first question is from Edward Yruma with KeyBanc Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Edward YrumaKeyBanc Capital Markets — Analyst

Hey, good afternoon, guys. Couple of quick ones from me. I guess first, do you think about inventory, you talk about mobility, hopefully improving at some point in the short to medium term, what do you start rebuilding inventory in anticipation of improved sales trends? And then I guess second, as a follow-up on the marketing, which I think you guys indicated you’re leading into. Are there particular categories you’re going to lean into? Is this kind of to hopefully keep top of mind as we head into like a stronger sales period kind of what’s the direction you have to take that into? Thank you.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah, definitely, Mike here. So with regards to inventory, we’ve already begun building up our inventory position certainly from the lows and we think that will have beneficial impacts on the sales trends. Of course, at the same time, it’s a very uncertain environment, we think, and until we get to more of a post-COVID world. And it’s not just about the overall inventory levels, right. It’s above those — both those categories.

So we’re placing calculated bets at the appropriate levels that we can balance our revenue goals and our profitability goals. And I think you won’t really see us put our foot on the accelerator until the timing is a bit more clear in terms of kind of when the post-COVID world hits. But there’s definitely going to be some level of calculated risk taking in advance of that window to make sure that we’re poised to take advantage of that world, which we think is going to be a fantastic world for us. There’s going to have been a year or more of pent-up demand from consumers who haven’t been able to do the things that they love, the special social occasions that we’re known for. And so we want to make sure we’re ready and positioned with our inventory and marketing to take advantage of that situation as soon as it comes.

Operator

Our next question is from Ross Sandler with Barclays. Your line is open.

Ross SandlerBarclays — Analyst

Hey guys, just a question about active customer count. So that actually declined quarter-on-quarter for the first time. I know that’s a TTM number. But can you just walk us through how much of that is from just the overall environment and things like stimulus checks that are out of your control versus the reduction in marketing and — or maybe tougher time retaining customers. And it sounds like — I’m glad to hear that you guys are going to lean back in, starting now. But how are you thinking about balancing these record high EBITDA margins with just growing the top of the funnel and getting back out there with more customer acquisition. That’s the first question. And then just any learnings from the live streaming efforts thus far? How is that in terms of adding to your ability to kind of grow the funnel and attract new customers?

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah. Hey, Ross, this is Jesse. Sorry, I’ll start out with a couple of just quick details and then turn it over to Mike to talk a little bit more about the acquisition and the lean in. Yeah, you’re right, we did see active customers decline sequentially. And that’s largely an impact of the COVID world. We do think there was a benefit from the stimulus check and the extra unemployment that was happening through July. That started to hit us. And also the second wave of COVID cases and everything else that you hear out there. So there definitely is an impact there. And we anticipated that active customer number to come down sequentially from the plus 12%-ish [Phonetic] we were at the end of last quarter to plus 5% [Phonetic] now. And it’s a combination of both the new and the repeat, and that’s what tells us it’s largely a COVID impact. 45% of that active customer base is a repeat or an existing customer, but they contribute a much larger share of the revenue, so, important that we lean on that existing customer.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah. And looking at the broader picture, Ross, we’re in a world today. We were in a world in the second quarter and in the third quarter as well. It doesn’t play to our strengths as a brand and as a retailer, be known for social occasions and living your best life. And we’re talking a period where those things were all true. So it’s due to the environment we’re facing. And then certainly, with the quarter-to-quarter dynamics, you have trailing 12-month number as well as some of the pressures that we acknowledged in the third quarter, where we saw, for example, the digital advertising markets getting much more competitive in the third quarter, not just on a sequential basis, but also on a year-over-year basis, where there are a lot of players stepping in, in a big way that they hadn’t historically.

And that — from a year-over-year comp perspective, that has an impact, but we feel great about the trajectory there. And as we discussed, we’re going to start leaning on the marketing as well, the inventory position, as we get closer to a post-COVID world, which it looks like these are the best information available should be sometime Q2 or Q3, and we want to be first there, so that we can leverage our brand that’s really going to work in that world.

Operator

Our next question is from Oliver Chen with Cowen. Your line is open.

Oliver ChenCowen and Company — Analyst

Hi, thank you. The September information is very helpful. On the down high-single-digit, what were some of the levers underneath that with average order value and transaction count? And what are some of the optimistic cases for how that could improve going forward? We would also just love your take on your commentary on owned brands. And it’s a dynamic — it’s such a dynamic environment currently. But what are you seeing that really helps inform the innovation that you have planned there, and the impact that it will have later to your prepared remarks on own brands? Thank you.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah. Hey, Oliver, this is Jesse. I’ll take the first one and then kick it over to Michael. To our — as we said in our prepared remarks, we did see September come down in that high single-digit range. And that continued through October. The drivers there are really consistent with the remarks we made on both September and October. And lower average order value continues driven by those same factors of a shift in mix, offset by continued strength in full price. That was really strong in the quarter, which drove that margin. Better margins on the markdown merchandise, all centered around that improved inventory health. So, it’s a lot of the same as the commentary we made earlier and just the overall macro pressure.

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Thank you [Phonetic].

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

And I guess with — sorry, one more comment. I missed that last part of your question on kind of the back half of Q4. We’re not commenting on that. We’re just commenting what happened through October and November to date, it’s really volatile with elections and just such a short period of time. So kind of staying away from comments there and also kind of prepared for the prolonged promotional cadence in this holiday period, and back to the comments on margin that we made for the quarter.

Oliver ChenCowen and Company — Analyst

Okay, with [Speech Overlap] owned brands. Thank you.

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Hey, Oliver, yeah, with regards to own brands, I’m sure you want to recall that pre-COVID period, we were pulling back own brands and kind of resetting and regrouping there, continue to invest. And then with COVID, we really accelerated that because of the dollar commitment for style with our own brand division compared to third party, where we have a lot more flexibility. As of now, we’ve began to ramp up quite aggressively. I think Q3 will probably be our trough in terms of styles delivered and call it a ballpark, lose the 50% increase into Q4 and similar growth rates into Q1 and Q2 of next year.

So we’ll be — that margin that reinvestment period has already begun. On top of that, I’m very excited because it’s not just getting those numbers up, but also the diversity and the quality of the product is going to be much, much different and very, very exciting for us. Largely in times past, we were loosely — we’re very, very successful with China-based wovens, dresses and tops and such, and that’s been where the own brand division really thrived. We continue to make investments in other aspects of the supply chain.

Again, COVID really accelerated this and now better than knits business versus extremely important own brand division is doing very, very well with sweaters and knits and continuous investments in other categories. In ’21, we’ll be seeing continued investments in denim, continued investments in activewear. Actually, and also sustainable product as well. So we’ll be ramping up aggressively in the product that’ll be upcoming. Very, very excited, I think it’s going to be better than ever.

Oliver ChenCowen and Company — Analyst

Thank you very much. A final question on their your call out on large scale in person events is that — has that been different from how you previously observed the impact there and also how do you plan in this dynamic environment to be ready and what are the different risk factors are — there is like uncontrollable and controllable factors around the environment that we’re seeing. Thanks.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah, large — in times past, large scale in person events were also synonymous with deploying large amounts of marketing capital in a very, very effective ways. And I think that’s been a playbook that we continue to expand and continue to expand. We started with smaller events, and we’re able to scale them, get more impacted more efficiency, and that’s something that for sure, we met.

We have things that have been starting to ramp up right now where capital vol, which we had to do instead of doing a large CLF and we did four separate groups instead of having all groups together at once. But we’re starting to ramp up in-person events. We have a number of options on the menu for Q1 and Q2.

We’ll have to be a little patient in terms of committing to anything. To see how the world plays out, we’re very optimistic as I’m sure the rest of the world is about the vaccine. And depending on how the environment is the events will just get larger and larger and the scale has been progressed. And ultimately, when we feel we’re in the safe world where we can all get together again and give each other hugs, probably see the largest scale event and the best party in the world coming through very, very soon.

Will evolve around the world in the roaring 2020s with a lot of people really just excited to whether [Indecipherable] and hanging with their friends, and that’s the time that we’re all looking forward to, and I’m sure our shareholders are really looking for that as well.

Operator

Our next question is from Mark Altschwager with Baird. Your line is open.

Mark AltschwagerRobert W. Baird — Analyst

Good afternoon. Thanks for taking my question. First, it’s more of a short-term question, but just given the plans to lean back into marketing, is it your expectation that you can drive some reacceleration from the down high-single digits over the remainder of the quarter? Some other levers you’re pulling from an assortment perspective or otherwise that would give you some more optimism for the holiday season?

And then just longer term, looking into 2021 in the spring and festival season, obviously, very important period for you. From where we sit today, it seems like we can’t really plan on events being back to normal by then. So I sure hope I’m wrong. So just — maybe just give us some insight on how you’re positioning yourself for the spring season. How much more aggressively do you want to lean into some of these stay at home categories, how responsive can you be? Should consumers shift back into the traditional fashion categories more abruptly than expected? And just any insight there would be great. Thanks.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah, definitely. So we’ve begun increasing our marketing expenditures. At the same time, historically, the way we always play things is we go with the currents. And so we’re not going to — we’re not going to fight a brick wall just to achieve a certain number in quick dollars to work that we think are effective. But we do understand that we need to put dollars to work ahead of when we think the rebound will occur, particularly on the brand marketing side, where a lot of the impact of brand marketing is longer term in terms of the messaging, in terms of seeding awareness. So that’s really where we’re going to lean in on starting to ramp up investments as is practical given the environment because there’s still a lot of constraints within the environment as far as us making those investments to make sure that we’re well positioned as soon as the world turns.

And then I think in terms of being to merchandise, mix and timing of pre-COVID, post-COVID kind of transitionary period, it’s going to be balanced. We’re willing to take some bets and be wrong there. Just because we think it’s such a huge opportunity to be there first with a great selection as soon as people are able to get out and do the things that they love. And it’s just perfectly aligned with what our brand is all about. So we’re willing to take a little bit of risk there. But obviously, I think if you look at our track record, we don’t take foolish risk, they are calculated manage risks.

Operator

Our next question is from Michael Binetti with Credit Suisse. Your line is open.

Michael BinettiCredit Suisse — Analyst

Hey guys, thanks for taking all our questions here. I wanted to ask you a couple of things, I guess, the sustainability of the margins that you saw in the third quarter. Obviously, we heard Jesse’s commentary on some of the components for the fourth quarter. But maybe just some thoughts on when you think the mix brand — sorry, the mix of owned brands leap back higher year-over-year. And when the inventory in total will be back in line with sales.

And then I guess, do you feel like when you look at the customer, the active customer trends, do you feel like the — you lost a customer that was coming to you for markdowns, discounted product only? Or do you have data that that’s a customer that mostly lapsed or was it temporary lapse and that they’ll be back as the markdown levels normalize? And do you want them back, if so?

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah, hey it’s Michael, I’ll take the first one and then kick it over to Mike on the customer component. As we commented on, we’re starting to already invest in inventory. Inventory is up $9 million sequentially. So, we’re starting to make that improvement. Our investment in inventory is still down meaningfully year-over-year. We don’t expect that line to cross until probably midyear next year. You have to, of course, consider the significant cuts we made this year, so there’s some comp dynamics as you look into 2021.

But we’re taking, as Mike mentioned on the previous question, some balanced risk as we look ahead into a post-COVID world. And then on gross margin and own brand, same thing, we’ve already started to make those investments. Those won’t kick in really until mid-2021 before we see that line start to cross, just given the timing and inventory dynamics there.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

On the customer front, I think there’s a couple of dynamics going on, certainly there is the decreased level of markdowns, which are really pretty much historical lows in the current quarter as far as. If you look at how we normally perform in the third quarter, and so certainly there is some customers that aren’t buying now. But would buy if we have markdowns, and it’s great as the performance of the quarter was and is great as our momentum is. And in what we believe is our ability to manage inventory. We will have quarters in the future that have more markdown. So that customer will come back, then I think more importantly, we know that there is a huge portion of not customers out there that know us, that love us, that haven’t forgotten about us dying to shop, but I just don’t have the right occasions to shop in the ways that they normally shop.

I actually got note just this morning from a customer, we’re just talking about how much he loved Revolve and how much he was looking forward to shopping with us again as soon as COVID was over and her husband could run a business again. And I’m sure there’s many more stories like that out there. I have another customer that last earnings call she saw me on TV and reached out and you talked about how she loves us. She shops us all the time. She can only shop us for active. She’s pretty much only been topping us for activewear in the current period, but she can’t wait until things are back to normal and she can shop us for all the same things that you normally loves as more.

So the customer is there, she loves us. We’re really pleased with the results that we’ve had during this period given how opposite it is and what our brand is all about. And we’re going to make sure we make the good investments into marketing and our inventory position and just be operationally nimble so that when the post COVID world hits and when that pent-up demand is unleashed and everyone goes back to doing the things they love, we’re going to be there to take advantage of it.

Operator

Our next question is from Kimberly Greenberger with Morgan Stanley, your line is open.

Kimberly GreenbergerMorgan Stanley — Analyst

Great, thank you so much. I wanted to ask a question about Q4 marketing this year. It makes sense obviously to start investing back into marketing. I’m wondering if you did that in the month of October. And if so, did you see any knock on benefits to revenue in the month of October from that. And then as we look out to next year, should we expect to see marketing normalize back at that kind of 15% level or is there — are there any kind of savings that you think you’ll flow to the bottom line on that marketing line? Thanks so much.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah, So on a sequential basis, we’ve been beginning to invest more and more in marketing with each month. I think we kind of briefly discussed some of the revenue trends in October and in how they were similar to what we saw in October. So I wouldn’t say we’ve seen the fruits of those investments just yet, but there’s a lot we do on the marketing side to the brand marketing that’s really kind of lagging and it’s impacted in terms of how our marketing funnel works. And so not to mention that October is a very unusual month with the COVID environment and also the election noise going on. So, I wouldn’t read too much into that.

And then in terms of looking into the future, we intend generally to invest just as much in marketing as we ever have. But we’re also not dogmatic about things. We play every environment differently, if any information comes out that suggests to us, it’s better to adjust our strategy, we’ll certainly do that. But we’ve said since we’ve — since we went public, and it continues to be the case that marketing is very important to us for spreading our brand message, proceeding awareness that we’re in the early innings in terms of the customers that we can capture with just over 2% penetration of our target market. And so it’s going to be a big part of our expenditures and strategy going forward.

Operator

Our next question is from Aaron Kessler with Raymond James. Your line is open.

Aaron KesslerRaymond James — Analyst

Great, thanks guys. Maybe A couple of questions. First is on the promotional environment, any more color around that? Is it mostly traditional retailers? And second, maybe just on the content marketing, I think you talked about a little bit about that last quarter, gained some good traction there with some of the video. And I’d be interested in any thoughts on Instagram Reels kind of that as a platform for you guys as well. Thank you.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Mike, do you want to maybe take the content marketing side of things?

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah, the content part, definitely. It’s been quite interesting. It’s really kind of it’s super interesting. As we’re talking about owned brands earlier, we were making moves in this accelerated moves. And the same goes to our in person events and such, REVOLVE U is something that we are planning for — it’s been in the brainstem recessions for maybe over a year or so, we thought that this would be the perfect time to execute something like that, where in-person parties and such are no longer relevant and such.

So in the future, we’ll definitely see a combination of these digital events that we’re doing combined with in person events and potentially integrate them. So very excited about that. Reels has been interesting. And I think we saw a tremendous boost in the outset. I think potentially, there was a push there where we’re seeing a lot of eyeballs, and we’ve seen things taper off a little bit.

So we’ll see how things evolve. I think it’s we’re very long-term minded. And I think Instagram stories is a good example of something that — on the outset wasn’t particularly impactful, but really steadily grew into something that was very, very important for us. So we’ll continue us to invest in Reels. And hopefully, that will — the consumer will continue to gain traction there, and it will be important part of our component.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

And then with regards to the promotional environment. We’ve certainly seen an easing of things, particularly on the luxury side. But I think if you look at REVOLVE versus the broader market, things have eased much more sharply and probably ease isn’t the right word for our own markdown positions.

The consumer demand has shifted to be less markdown focused than it was, but at the same time, an area of active discussion during the was that we didn’t have enough markdown merchandise to meet the markdown demand from our consumers. And that’s a good problem to have, but it certainly had an impact on our revenue for the quarter.

Operator

Our next question is from Justin Post with Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Your line is open.

Justin PostBank of America — Analyst

Hey, thank you. just wondering. You’ve had some real efficiencies on the cost side for the last couple of quarters, your guidance and outlook kind of discusses some of those may be dissipating or making more investments. But when you think about a year or two, what are some of the lasting cost savings that might continue going forward? Thank you.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah, sure. So I think if you just work down through the P&L, starting from the top fulfillment is an area where we do see lasting efficiencies. Combination of two factors there, really over time. And again, thinking longer term, one, and we refer to this a lot because it is meaningful, but the efficiencies gained as a result of the automation investments that we’ve made over the last 18 months. And then also capacity. We invested in a new warehouse last year that gives us 2 to 3x the capacity that we’re at now. So we should just — we should see natural leverage on that line item over time.

As we mentioned, there is a return rate component there. So we do anticipate returns to tick up slightly sequentially, hopefully, lower than our peak times last year in that 55% range. So we do hope some of that return dynamic does play out in a post-COVID world, but not banking on that one. Selling and distribution will continue to be pressured there as shipping costs go up year-on-year pretty consistently. We’ll look to make improvements over time with an increasing AOV over the longer term, that should give us some easing there. Marketing, we talked about, we’ll continue to make investments. They’re not banking on really any leverage on that line item over time. And then G&A which is largely fixed. So with scale, we’ll get leverage on that line item.

Operator

Our next question is from Bob Drbul with Guggenheim Partners. Your line is open.

Bob DrbulGuggenheim Partners — Analyst

Hey guys, good afternoon. Just a couple of quick questions for you. I think the first one is, when you talk about September trends, October trends and in November, with the performance of international, can you maybe give us a little color on what you saw on the international markets? That’s my first question. And the second question is are you partnering with any of the top TikTokers as you think about how the world is changing these days versus Instagram? That would be helpful. Thanks.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah. So with regards to the international markets, we saw strength in the third quarter, particularly in our western markets. So in Western Europe and Australia, Canada. We saw double digit gains in those markets. So we feel very good about our progress and trajectory there. Certainly, in the near term with resurgence in COVID in Europe and exercise some kind of near term caution to kind of headwinds in the current quarter, but I feel great about the trajectory there.

And then offset by some weakness in Asia. Asia is an area where we’re starting to make, I think, some more meaningful investments and have some interesting partnerships that we’re working on, but not quite there yet. And so hopefully, as those things come to fruition, we’ll see some gains there. And then also, Hong Kong has always been — or has been for a while, our most important Asian market and that region has been very troubled for a number of quarters now with the rest.

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah. When it comes to TikTok, I would probably phrase it, we haven’t worked with the top TikTokers, we have worked with the top fashion TikTokers, where we see the top TikTokers getting tens of millions of views and then create insane numbers. But the content really is a fashion focus, and it really isn’t quite aligned with our brand. But the top fashion TikTokers are very, very much in line with our brand, and we have worked with them, and we plan to work with them much, much more. We see the content to be a little bit more in-depth compared to Instagram. Where it’s really numerous kind of styling tips and outfits and a lot of richer content. To me, it’s a little bit more akin to YouTube than Instagram, which I think is right in between is very, very exciting.

And we will continue to do a lot more. The one — the only disadvantage with TikTok being an earlier platform is that the access to data and kind of like our tools aren’t as developed as Instagram tools that we’ve had for nearly 10 years now. So whether it be our in-house things or that — the numbers that TikTok out at to see in-house, or that’s third-party APIs have won’t be as robust as Instagram for a little bit. But the encouraging numbers that we have are very exciting, and no doubt, we’ll see a lot more Revolve on TikTok.

Operator

The next question is from Roxanne Meyer with MKM Partners. Your line is open.

Roxanne MeyerMKM Partners — Analyst

Great. Good afternoon and thanks for taking my questions. My first question is on dresses. Wondering if you could provide a little bit of color about the performance. Obviously, you’ve got quite a number of subcategories. So, curious if they have all been weak? Or there have been pockets of strength in some of them? Also curious, what percent of 4Q dresses typically represent and perhaps how they’re positioned this year given your investment in other categories?

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah. When it comes to categorization and sub-categorization, it becomes like a very, very complex situation because the way we look at categories is multi-dimensional. Of course, overall, we see dresses down quite a bit compared to our other categories. But within dresses, there’s sub-categories and there’s end uses that are doing very, very well. So we kind of will sometimes share high level category data that kind of illustratively tell the story of how the business is performing. But as you go deep and deep, there’s strong pockets of success across the Board. I think one thing is — this is an interesting fun one to me that we saw that activewear dresses was extremely strong. It’s kind of like the cross-pollination of activewear, which, of course, that one loves. In this pandemic time period, we’re doing extremely well with a traditional Revolve category. So that’s something that seems very, very exciting to us, but yet small.

But Jesse, do you want to talk about Q4 dynamics in terms of categorization and such, it’s definitely going out dresses and there’s certain categories, we have various degrees of going out dresses. I’m sure we’ll suffer but there’s also other categories that are very holiday oriented that will be — will boost, which we anticipate such as sweaters and knits and such.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah, yeah, sure. Just to give some more context, maybe even beyond Q4 on the dress mix. Historically, it’s been at or slightly greater than a third of our business. Then in Q2, you saw that drop off meaningfully to closer to 20%. We did see some recovery into Q3. So dresses did improve sequentially. And I think the most exciting part about that sequential improvement is that, that came from full price dress sales. As we commented on the prepared remarks, we saw a significant decrease in the amount of markdown dress sales from Q2 to Q3. So exciting to see that dresses come back in a full price way. And then the Q4 skews, slightly higher on dresses compared to other quarters of the year, just given that occasion wear dynamic. But not meaningfully. So we’ll continue to see similar pressure on dresses as we have in the last quarter or two until we get into a real post-COVID world.

Operator

Our next question is from Matt Koranda with Roth Capital. Your line is open.

Matt KorandaRoth Capital — Analyst

Hey guys, thanks. Two for me. The first one is just overall orders per active customer look a little lower on a like-for-like basis year-over-year and sequentially. So it’s understandable that you’ve got certain existing customers that may pull back in this period. But any detail you can provide on sort of order frequency between older and newer cohorts and what you’re seeing in terms of differences between those would be helpful.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah, sure. [Speech Overlap] Sorry, go ahead. Do you have one [Phonetic]?

Matt KorandaRoth Capital — Analyst

Sorry. Yeah. The other one was on return rates and just, I get they’re headed higher and in the short term, it depends on mix. But is there anything you guys can do structurally to bring those levels down and take advantage of kind of the lower rates that you’ve enjoyed over the last quarter or two here in the pandemic?

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah, yeah. I’ll take the first one there, and then Mike can comment on longer-term return dynamics. We did see that order frequency come down, but keep in mind that sequentially, it did kick up very slightly from Q2 to Q3. So we’re encouraged about that. And we’re still running higher than our historical averages. If you look back pre-2019, late-2018. So it’s still a very active customer. And it came from both the new and the repeat side. Really, the customer dynamics, to a large extent, near the results on our financials where you see her purchasing at lower AOVs, shifting from dresses into beauty. You saw, as we discussed earlier, a large kind of markdown component in Q2 that shifted to a large full price component in Q3.

Also a grade that we’re seeing beauty represent — the percentage of beauty products from new customers doubled this quarter compared to the prior year. You saw an offset there in dresses. But kind of largely the customer still behaves relatively consistently with how she has in the past and just some quarter-to-quarter dynamics with shift in merchandising mix and AOVs.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

And then in terms of the longer-term trajectory with return rates, it’s very difficult even for us to disaggregate the impact of COVID and some of the longer-term things we’re working on, but we’re certainly hopeful that some of the things we’ve been working on will hopefully hold up post-COVID, not to the same level, certainly we’re seeing here on return rate, but that we’re hoping we’ll get some gains on the return rate dynamics, kind of various factors, including some category mix shifts that should potentially stay post-COVID due to investments we’ve been making on our side in terms of our quality and presenting the product inaccurately and kind of other things we’ve been working on internally as well as some other, I guess, more proprietary levers that pull [Phonetic] that we’re hopeful will have an impact. It just so happens, a lot of those things came to fruition at the same time as COVID hit. So we’ll have to see post-COVID to what extent those initiatives hold up.

And then long, long term, we’re very bullish on return rate improvements. We think there’s a lot that can be done in the online world to better communicate to customers what products are the products you’re going to love, not just on the site, but once you get them in person and once she tries them on. And so that’s always an area that we’re investing in.

Operator

We have time for one more question. Our last question is from Ralph Schackart with William Blair. Your line is open.

Ralph SchackartWilliam Blair — Analyst

Great. Thanks for squeezing me in. Two questions, if I could. Jesse, you talked about September declines in the high single-digit range. Can you maybe give us some perspective on the linearity of the declines in September and then this really change or the trajectory change in October, just see more deceleration, acceleration, was it fairly steady? And then just in terms of when a vaccine rolls out and the world starts to open again, what’s the lead time you need to plan your larger in-person events? Thank you.

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Yeah. On the September-October dynamic, it was pretty consistent across the two months. Of course, there’s day-to-day and week-to-week dynamics, but for September and October, largely similar with a lot of dynamics at play in those couple of months with the second wave COVID and a lot of just macro pressures and external pressure. And then on the large scale events, the team can react very quickly. You saw that as we headed into COVID in their ability to quickly pull back on events, and restructure and recreate kind of and move into this live streaming and content. So we’re optimistic, and they can move really fast to get into events when the time is right.

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Yeah, Michael here, just additional commentary is that there’s a number of events that are really on the shelf ready to go. It’s really about a matter of which one do we pull when and kind of eyeing that through maybe the next couple of months and just early next year, we are there, ready to go and we very looking forward to it. And I think it will continue as the vaccine or that maybe pre-vaccine we’ll have some activities going. Post vaccine, we are locked and loaded with the capital and with the plans and the desire to go. So very excited.

Operator

And there are no further questions at this time. I’ll now turn the call back to management for closing remarks.

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Well, thank you, everyone for joining us today. Thanks again to our team. And on this Veterans Day, a very special thanks to those that have served our country. Thank you for your sacrifice.

Operator

[Operator Closing Remarks]

Duration: 66 minutes

Call participants:

Erik RandersonVice President of Investor Relations

Mike KaranikolasCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Michael MenteCo-Chief Executive Officer and Director

Jesse TimmermansChief Financial Officer

Edward YrumaKeyBanc Capital Markets — Analyst

Ross SandlerBarclays — Analyst

Oliver ChenCowen and Company — Analyst

Mark AltschwagerRobert W. Baird — Analyst

Michael BinettiCredit Suisse — Analyst

Kimberly GreenbergerMorgan Stanley — Analyst

Aaron KesslerRaymond James — Analyst

Justin PostBank of America — Analyst

Bob DrbulGuggenheim Partners — Analyst

Roxanne MeyerMKM Partners — Analyst

Matt KorandaRoth Capital — Analyst

Ralph SchackartWilliam Blair — Analyst

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Revolve Group's (RVLV) Management on Q3 2020 Results - Earnings Call Transcript
Revolve Group’s (RVLV) Management on Q3 2020 Results – Earnings Call Transcript

Revolve Group, Inc. (NYSE:RVLV) Q3 2020 Earnings Conference Call November 11, 2020 4:30 PM ET

Company Participants

Erik Randerson – Vice President-Investor Relations

Mike Karanikolas – Co-Founder and Co-Chief Executive Officer

Michael Mente – Co-Founder and Co-Chief Executive Officer

Jesse Timmermans – Chief Financial Officer

Conference Call Participants

Edward Yruma – KeyBanc Capital Markets

Ross Sandler – Barclays

Oliver Chen – Cowen

Mark Altschwager – Baird

Michael Binetti – Credit Suisse

Kimberly Greenberger – Morgan Stanley

Aaron Kessler – Raymond James

Justin Post – Bank of America Merrill Lynch

Bob Drbul – Guggenheim Partners

Roxanne Meyer – MKM Partners

Matt Koranda – ROTH Capital

Ralph Schackart – William Blair

Operator

Good afternoon, my name is Chris and I’ll be your conference operator today. At this I would like to welcome everyone to the Revolve’s Third Quarter 2020 Earnings Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers remarks there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Thank you.

At this time, I’d like to turn the conference over to Erik Randerson, Vice President of Investor Relations at REVOLVE. Thank you. You may begin.

Erik Randerson

Good afternoon, everyone, and thanks for joining us to discuss REVOLVE’s third quarter 2020 results. Before we begin, I would like to mention that we have posted a presentation containing Q3 2020 financial highlights to our Investor Relations website located at investors.revolve.com.

I would also like to remind you that this conference call will include forward-looking statements. These statements include our current expectations regarding the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations and financial results, and our outlook for net sales, product mix, gross margin, operating expenses and capital expenditures for the fourth quarter.

These statements are subject to various risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these statements, including the risks mentioned in this afternoon’s press release as well as other risks and uncertainties disclosed under the caption Risk Factors and elsewhere in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, without limitation, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q all of which can be found on our website at investors.revolve.com. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements or information except as required by law.

During our call today, we will also reference certain non-GAAP financial information, including Adjusted EBITDA and free cash flow. We use non-GAAP measures in some of our financial discussions, as we believe they more accurately represent the true operational performance and underlying results of our business. The presentation of this non-GAAP financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, and our non-GAAP measures may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies.

Reconciliations of GAAP to non-GAAP measures, as well as the description, limitations and rationale for using each measure, can be found in this afternoon’s press release and in our SEC filings.

Joining me on the call today are our Co-Founders and Co-CEOs, Mike Karanikolas and Michael Mente, as well as Jesse Timmermans, our CFO. Following our prepared remarks, we’ll open the call for your questions.

With that, I’ll turn the call over to Mike.

Mike Karanikolas

Thanks, Erik. Good afternoon everyone, and thanks for joining us today.

Before we get into the details of the quarter, I’ll provide some higher-level thoughts on our longer-term vision. We founded REVOLVE 17 years ago with the goal of becoming the fashion destination for the next generation consumer. From the beginning, our focus was on the customer experience, the utilization of data to drive decisions, and the creation of an authentic connection with our customer through our merchandise offering and marketing message. These areas of focus are still at the core of what we do today and what differentiates us, and what we believe will continue to drive growth into the future.

As a brand known for the discovery of on trend merchandise centered around aspirational experiences and lifestyle content including social gatherings, travel and special occasions. The current environment impacted by COVID has resulted in revenue pressure and what we believe is a temporary deviation from our historical growth pattern. Despite these pressures, we have been able to leverage the investments in our platform over time to produce notable increases in margin and profitability that we are excited to share with you today.

We believe the revenue pressures are temporary as people will eventually socialize in person again and travel will return. Until then, we’ll continue to invest in our brand and platform to set ourselves up to take advantage of what we believe; post-COVID will be a strong rebound as a result of prolonged pent up demand. With that longer-term framework as a backdrop, there are three key financial highlights of our third quarter that I want to call out.

First, we delivered record EPS of $0.27 per share, record net income of $19 million and record adjusted EBITDA of $24 million. Adjusted EBITDA grew 66% year-over-year and EPS grew at an even faster rate. Second, we achieved our highest ever gross margin in a third quarter of 55.3%, a nearly five point increase from the second quarter and up almost two points year-over-year. The higher gross margin year-over-year was a key driver of our significant growth in profitability and reflects a high percentage of net sales at full price in the third quarter and improved inventory dynamics. Third, we generated $14 million of operating cash flow and $14 million in free cash flow, which was up 86 percent year-over-year, on the heels of generating $54 million in operating cash flow in the second quarter. We now have $159 million in cash on the balance sheet. Our strong balance sheet not only provides us with the capital necessary to navigate through this uncertain time, but more importantly, allows us to re-invest in the business to drive long-term growth.

I’m extremely thankful for all of our dedicated employees who have shown impressive collaboration and agility, day in and day out. Even with most of our teams continuing to work from home, the organization has remained laser focused on ensuring the safety of our employees and maintaining exceptional service levels for our customers while continuing to drive efficiencies throughout the business.

Now, getting into the specifics of our third quarter results. Recall that on our second quarter investor call in August, we talked about the strong pace of recovery for much of the second quarter before net sales leveled off in mid to late June. As previously shared, our net sales in July and early August remained very slightly positive, increasing year-over-year in the low single digits. The modest growth trend in net sales remained consistent through the end of August. The trend changed in September with the modest growth in July and August turning to a year-over-year decline in net sales in September, the first year-over-year decline since May of this year.

For the third quarter as a whole, net sales declined 2% year-over-year, which is a 10-point improvement on a sequential basis compared to the 12-point decline in net sales reported for the second quarter. While we are pleased with the 10-point sequential improvement for the quarter as a whole, we would have liked to see a stronger close to the quarter. As we look at the recent trends, there are a few things that we believe are contributing to the top line deceleration.

First, the impact of COVID-19 and more specifically, social distancing, continues to have a significant impact on our business. Our inability to host large scale in person events has a lagging and growing negative impact the longer we are in a COVID-19 sheltered state. While the brand marketing team has done an incredible job pivoting into live streaming content and other avenues of engagement, it is very difficult to make up for the millions of engagement points and billions of impressions that come with our in-person events. We are excited to reverse both of these trends in what we believe will be a strong and healthy post-COVID world.

Second, competition for keywords and other forms of digital advertising increased in the third quarter, particularly on a sequential basis compared to the second quarter when online advertising rates were still recovering from the March lows. We attribute the significant increase in online advertising investment in our product categories industry wide to traditional brick and mortar retailers shifting their focus online given the unprecedented increase in ecommerce penetration driven by COVID-19.

Third and looking at the net sales trends from the second quarter to the third quarter, it’s important to note that net sales contributions from markdowns were very strong in the second quarter, helping the top line comp while we were able to successfully work through our markdown inventory and rebalance our overall inventory levels, the significant reduction in markdown inventory entering the third quarter led to incremental top line pressure. At the same time, a lower mix of markdown sales and shallower markdowns helped drive the very strong margins and profitability in the quarter.

Aside from the strong Q3 financial results, I am encouraged by the positive impacts from continued operational enhancements on our platform and the customer experience initiatives that we continue to roll out in our international markets. Our Operations team delivered phenomenal results, as we saw the impact of lower return rates as well as efficiency gains from automation and other investments we’ve made over the last 18 months continue to provide benefits.

Consider that fulfillment costs per order decreased 15% year-over-year, all the while maintaining best-in-class service levels with a record 99% of customer orders received by noon Pacific Time shipping out the very same day. We believe this level of performance benchmarks very favorably compared to most other e-commerce companies.

Shifting to a discussion of our International business. We had a strong third quarter in our International markets, financially and operationally. Australia, Canada and Western Europe each delivered strong double-digit growth in net sales year-over-year, partially offset by a decline in Asia. One of the most important strategies we can employ in international markets is to localize the country to provide the same great experience offered in the US. We recently announced that, for the first time, REVOLVE customers in Canada, one of our top five international markets have access to hassle free returns at no cost, including refunds of all applicable duties and taxes. Our launch of all-inclusive pricing for Canadian customers is very important because by including duties within the price of the product up front, we eliminate the sticker shock at checkout and significantly streamline the process for merchandise returns.

Now, shifting to the more recent trends in the fourth quarter to date. The softer year-over year net sales trends in September carried through to October with a high single-digit decline in net sales on a year-over-year basis. Similar to what we experienced in September, we continue to experience strength in the at home categories that is more than offset by the ongoing pressure in occasion driven categories. By geography, in October, international net sales continued to remain stronger than net sales in the US. However, we are very cautious due to the resurgence in COVID-19 cases and the corresponding social distancing restrictions in some of our largest international regions including the UK and Western Europe.

Before I turn it over to Michael, I want to reiterate how pleased I am with our ability to navigate through these challenging times. So, again, thanks to all of our team members for your hard work and resilience for staying nimble and for your dedication to exceeding our customers’ expectations.

Michael Mente

Thanks, Mike, and hello everyone. The strength of our business, the power of our brand, and most importantly, the incredible execution of our team enabled us to deliver our most profitable quarter ever, even surpassing our record profitability from last quarter. I’m truly proud of how much our team has accomplished during this extremely challenging period. This phenomenal execution has further strengthened our financial profile and positions us well to capitalize on the long-term opportunity ahead.

To expand on Mike’s opening remarks, we are focused on building the fashion destination for the next generation consumer. Our customer comes to us for discovery and looks to us for inspiration. Even during this unique and challenging time, these shopping behaviors remain. We continue to provide a broad, yet curated assortment of the most on trend merchandise that provides her with the ability to discover products that suit her lifestyle, whether it’s travel and social occasions or most recently, a more stay at home and active lifestyle.

To complement our merchandise offering, we provide her with constant inspiration through authentic and aspirational lifestyle content. Important to this authenticity is providing content that connects with her on platforms she is engaging with and speaks to what’s happening in her life. The team has done a great job of expanding into emerging social platforms and providing content centered around her current lifestyle. I am excited about the progress we continue to make on the merchandising and marketing fronts and believe that despite the challenges of the last couple quarters, we will emerge much stronger and even better positioned for the long-term.

Starting with our merchandise. The ongoing reality of a more stay at home lifestyle has allowed us to further deepen the relationship with our customer by highlighting our offering of incredible fashion and design, in areas that were not top of mind until very recently. Our emerging categories such as beauty, intimates and loungewear are all strongly resonating. Additionally, more than ever, our customer is demonstrating a healthy and active lifestyle, leading to greater opportunity in activewear and swimwear.

Our results for the past two quarters demonstrate our ability to serve our customer in new ways and broaden how customers perceive REVOLVE’s product selection. In the third quarter, sales in the at home and active categories of beauty, accessories, intimates, sweaters, knits and swimwear increased approximately 50% year-over-year on a combined basis. By further enhancing our merchandising strategy, we believe we can expand our share of her wallet over the long term. It’s incredibly important to us that whatever our customer needs, she can always come to REVOLVE as her trusted source of style.

An exciting example of one of the more prominent shifts in our mix is the beauty category, with net sales increasing more than 100% year-over-year for the second straight quarter as COVID-19 has been a catalyst for shifting beauty sales online. Beauty is a category where the majority of customers in our demographic look to influencers for beauty product inspiration, a great fit with our global network of influencers. In fact, this month we are launching a beauty gift box with mega influencer, actress and model, Shay Mitchell, who has nearly 30 million Instagram followers.

An important component within our long-term merchandising strategy is the expansion of our Owned Brands. As we discussed on previous calls, we temporarily pulled back our Owned Brand offering as a response to the uncertainty and demand pressures introduced by COVID-19. The result was a trough in the number of new styles delivered in the quarter. We have already started making the investments necessary to increase our style production and assortment with a targeted 50% increase in the number of Owned Brand styles delivered as we exit the year, as compared to the third quarter.

Additionally, we had discussed making investments into the Owned Brand division to increase the diversity and quality of our product offering. I’m pleased to report that the early results are extremely encouraging, with a significant improvement in productivity per style, as compared to the same period last year. While we are optimistic on the trajectory of our Owned Brands, bear in mind that despite the increase in new styles delivered in the coming months, due to inventory dynamics, we still expect a sequential decline of our Owned Brand penetration in the fourth quarter of 2020, before beginning to increase sometime in mid-2021.

Shifting to a discussion of our brand marketing strategy. We continued with a successful digital playbook in the third quarter, hosting several well attended virtual events. Similar to the shift in merchandising focus in this COVID period, we have also broadened our marketing message to address more aspects of her life. This was the concept behind REVOLVE U, an event we have been developing, even before COVID. Hosted in late September, REVOLVE U was a week-long virtual activation that included seven keynote speakers and over 300 influencers. This unique event increased our reach and followers across multiple social channels and featured content focused on topics such as The Business of Social Media, Building a Brand, Career Journeys, Mental and Physical Health, and Entrepreneurship.

While we continue to expand and invest in new digital platforms such as IGTV, Instagram Reels, YouTube and TikTok, we are also excited to share that we have recently hosted a series of successful in person events called Camp REVOLVE that included adherence to comprehensive safety precautions. Dipping our toe back into in person events is important to build the brand and differentiating ourselves. Furthermore, our in-person events tend to capture more eyeballs, garner more press and generate more customer interactions, all of which are important drivers of traffic and new customers.

We are excited about a future that will include hosting regular in person events with the added element of our new digital playbook, which we believe will be a very powerful combination. We are executing well while continuing to invest in our key growth initiatives during this challenging period. At REVOLVE, we are always focused on the long-term, and I am confident we are well positioned to capture further market share in the years ahead – particularly with what we believe is an accelerated and permanent shift to digital commerce.

With that, Jesse will close out with some additional detail on the financial results and trends.

Jesse Timmermans

Thanks, Michael. As our results attest, we have continued to execute well in a very difficult environment. For the second straight quarter, we achieved record net income and record adjusted EBITDA; we generated strong free cash flow that strengthened our balance sheet and we drove our highest inventory turns in several years.

Now, starting with the third quarter results. Net sales decreased 2% year-over-year. As Mike mentioned, we began the third quarter with low-single digit growth in July and August that was offset by a larger single-digit decline in September. Occasion wear product categories faced the most significant headwinds since many special occasions remain on pause due to social distancing concerns, and as we worked through our markdown inventory in those categories in the second quarter. To provide some context regarding the impact of reduced markdown inventory on net sales in the third quarter, our largest category, dresses, is a good example. If year-over-year growth in markdown sales of dresses alone had remained consistent between the second quarter of 2020 and the third quarter of this year, our total net sales would have actually increased year-over-year in the third quarter.

Drilling further into the top line for the third quarter. By segment, REVOLVE Segment net sales decreased 4% and FORWARD Segment net sales increased 9% year-over-year. Active customers were $1.5 million, an increase of 5% year-over-year. The trend is consistent with our commentary last quarter that we expected growth in Active Customers to further decelerate as the trailing 12-month metric captured a larger number of quarterly periods impacted by COVID as compared to the high customer growth quarters of last year. With the continued pressures on traffic and demand, we expect further deceleration in this metric until we start to cycle out of the suppressed COVID period.

Orders placed were $1.1 million, a decrease of 4% year-over-year. Average order value was $232, an increase of $204 in the second quarter of 2020, but remained 16% lower compared to Q3 of 2019. The year-over-year decline in AOV was primarily driven by a shift in net sales mix to at home product categories, such as beauty and loungewear with lower average price points and a decline in net sales of dresses, which carry higher average order values. These AOV headwinds were partially offset by a higher mix of full price sales, our highest full price sales for a third quarter in over 10 years, as well as a greater sales mix attributable to our higher price point luxury segment, FORWARD. Partially offsetting the lower number of orders and the lower Average Order Value was a decrease in merchandise returned year-over-year.

We attribute the lower return rate year-over-year to a combination of more deliberate purchasing behavior by consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as a COVID-19 driven shift in mix to product categories with lower price points and lower return rates, such as beauty and away from occasion wear, such as dresses, a category with a higher than average return rate. That said, we did experience a sequential increase in the return rate from the second quarter, but it remains well below the prior year periods. International net sales increased 18% year-over-year, outperforming the 6% decline in net sales in the US. As Mike mentioned, we experienced strength in western regions and emerging markets, partially offset by weakness in Asia.

Moving to gross profit. Consolidated gross margin was 55.3%, the highest ever reported for a third quarter and an increase of approximately 160 basis points over the prior year. This performance was much better than we anticipated and reflects healthy increases in margin across both segments. Within the REVOLVE Segment, we delivered gross margin of 57.2%, up approximately 180 basis points year over year. The REVOLVE Segment margin benefited from meaningfully improved inventory dynamics exiting the second quarter of 2020 that contributed to a healthy inventory balance, leading to a year-over-year increase in the percentage of REVOLVE Segment net sales at full price, and a decrease in the depth of markdowns. These positive contributors to gross margin were partially offset by a year-over-year decrease in the mix of Owned Brands as a percentage of REVOLVE Segment net sales, consistent with the outlook we shared on recent investor conference calls.

Within the FORWARD Segment, we delivered gross margin of 42.9%, an increase of approximately 190 basis points year-over-year. The increase reflects a healthy inventory balance, shallower markdowns and a favorable mix of merchandise sold. We were encouraged to see an easing of promotional activity across the luxury space in Q3.

And now moving to the cost structure, where we delivered highly efficient results. For the second straight quarter, we achieved leverage on every major expense line item on the P&L. Starting with Fulfillment. Fulfillment costs were 2.8% of net sales, an improvement of about 60 basis points year-over-year. The team did an outstanding job driving efficiencies while maintaining our top priority of protecting the health and safety of our employees and delivering a best-in-class experience for our customers. The automation launched last year was further expanded during the second quarter and is delivering a compelling return. We also continued to benefit from cost efficiencies resulting from a lower return rate year-over-year.

Selling and distribution costs were 13.8% of net sales, an improvement of approximately 80 basis points year-over-year. Once again, we benefited from reduced shipping costs due to lower returns and to a lesser extent, efficiencies in payment processing and customer service costs. Marketing costs were 12.5% of net sales, a decrease of approximately 250 basis points year-over-year. Marketing efficiency primarily reflects reduced brand marketing investments since hosting in person REVOLVE events remained on pause. Our investment in brand marketing decreased by $3.2 million year-over-year and performance marketing investments decreased by the remaining $1.1 million in Q3.

It is important to note that our brand building investments will remain a key component in our long-term growth algorithm, so we do not expect the total marketing expense as a percentage of net sales to remain at the reduced levels we have reported for the past two quarters.

General and administrative costs were 11.7% of net sales in the third quarter, an improvement of approximately 60 basis points year-over-year. The reduced G&A cost reflects lower headcount and our COVID-19 cost containment efforts that were in place for a portion of the third quarter. In addition, as part of the Owned Brands reset that was accelerated due to COVID, we reduced costs in this area. As we start to rebuild and design into new product categories and get ahead of an anticipated return of demand, we will re-invest in this area over the coming quarters.

For the third quarter of 2020, we achieved record net income of $19 million or $0.27 per diluted share more than doubling the $0.13 in diluted EPS in the prior year. In addition to our strong operating results, our EPS comparison benefitted from a lower tax rate in 2020, primarily due to excess tax benefits realized as a result of stock option exercises. Even when excluding these discrete tax benefits, our net income and diluted EPS would have each increased more than 65% year-over-year. We also reported record Adjusted EBITDA of $24 million, an increase of 66% year-over-year, for a margin of 15.9%.

Moving to the cash flow statement, we had another outstanding quarter for cash flow generation. Free cash flow was $14 million, a year-over-year increase of 86%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, free cash flow was $74 million, more than doubling our free cash flow reported for all of 2019. The strong cash flow generation significantly strengthened our balance sheet and liquidity. Cash and equivalents as of September 30, 2020 were $159 million, an increase of $8 million during the third quarter, despite the repayment of $9 million on our revolving line of credit.

As we look ahead and think about capital allocation and the use of cash, our number one priority is fortifying our balance sheet to position us to invest in growth as we exit the COVID era, followed by strategic organic investments to drive long-term growth. Given our capital efficiency, we also have the opportunity to explore other investments, including opportunistic and disciplined M&A.

We are pleased with our inventory levels and the healthy inventory dynamics in the quarter. We ended Q3 with $74 million in inventory, a year-over-year decrease of 29%, but up $9 million from the second quarter as we started to reinvest to build a sufficient inventory level and appropriate inventory mix to support demand. By comparison, our net sales decreased year-over-year by only 2%, which illustrates our significant improvement in inventory turns.

Now, let me talk about the business trends since the third quarter ended on September 30th. Given the fluid and uncertain environment that we continue to operate in, we’ll again skip any traditional guidance. Instead, we will share some recent trends and assumptions to help in your modeling of the fourth quarter.

Starting from the top, as Mike mentioned, net sales in October were down by a high single-digit percentage year-over-year. In terms of product categories, we continue to see strength in new at home categories that has been offset by continuing headwinds in occasion wear categories, such as dresses and skirts. From a macro perspective, we see a great deal of uncertainty affecting our customer demographic. COVID-19 cases around the world are re-accelerating, leading to increased restrictions on social outings that have been a key driver for our brand. When combined with the high unemployment rates and lack of new US stimulus measures, we see continuing challenges in the current environment.

Shifting to gross margin. The Q3 gross margin performance was well ahead of our initial expectations, benefiting from a higher mix of full price sales and shallower markdowns. Moving to Q4, we expect gross margin to come in more in line with the prior year fourth quarter gross margin of 53% as a result of a lower mix of owned brand sales year-over-year, as well as what we expect to be a prolonged holiday promotional cadence. For our Selling and Distribution and Fulfillment cost line items, we expect the combination of Selling and Distribution and Fulfillment expenses to be flat to slightly higher as a percentage of net sales in the fourth quarter when compared to Q4 of 2019. There are a couple factors contributing to this assumption.

First, as you have all heard, the major shippers are imposing surcharges on packages during the fourth quarter that are likely to drive higher shipping costs in Q4. Second, Fulfillment and Selling and Distribution have each realized efficiencies from the lower return rate year-over-year. In Fulfillment, we incur lower labor costs due to less time spent handling the returned units that come into the warehouse. And in Selling and Distribution, where the majority of the costs are shipping related, fewer returns means reduced shipping, packaging and payment processor costs.

Since bottoming out in the second quarter of 2020, our return rate has been increasing with each passing month, so we are planning for a sequential increase in costs as a result. We do, however, expect our return rate in the fourth quarter of 2020 to remain lower on a year-over-year basis. These cost pressures will be partially offset by continued efficiencies realized as a result of the automation and process improvements discussed earlier.

Marketing, we are planning for marketing as a percentage of net sales in the fourth quarter to remain approximately flat year-over-year. After two straight quarters of significantly reduced marketing spend and with our strong balance sheet, we believe it’s time to start pushing our marketing investment again to continue to build the brand, drive traffic and increase customer activity.

General and Administrative, on a year-over-basis, we are planning for G&A expense to be lower in the fourth quarter as compared to the prior year. Compared to the third quarter of 2020, we expect G&A expense to increase in Q4 since the temporarily reduced salaries and wages have been fully restored to their pre-COVID levels for our active employees.

To recap, we believe we have executed well during what is a very challenging environment with a focus on safety for our employees, efficiency in our operations and building a strong balance sheet. With a healthy base of inventory and our cash balance, we are shifting back into investment mode with an increase in our marketing investments, an increase in our inventory levels and assortment and investments into our Owned Brand capabilities.

Now we’ll open it up for your questions.

Question-and-Answer Session

Operator

[Operator Instructions] our first question is from Edward Yruma with KeyBanc Capital Markets.

Edward Yruma

A couple quick ones from me, I guess first as you think inventory you talk about mobility hopefully improving at some point in the short-to-medium-term. When will you start rebuilding inventory in activation of improved sales trends and then I guess second as follow-up on the market which I think you guys indicated leading into, are there particular categories you’re going to lean into just kind of – top of mind as we head into a stronger sales period, what’s the direction you’ll hope to take that into? Thank you.

Mike Karanikolas

Yes, definitely, Mike here. So with regard to inventory we’ve already begun building up our inventory position from the lows and we think that will have beneficial impacts on the sales trends of course at the pre-time [ph] it’s a very uncertain environment we think and until we get to more of a post-COVID world. And it’s just not throughout the overall inventories level right. It’s about those categories. So we’ve calculated that at the appropriate levels that we can balance our revenues goals into our profitability goals and I think you won’t really see us put on the accelerator until the timings are bit more clear, in terms of when the post-COVID world hits. But there’s definitely going to be some level of calculated risk taking in advance of that window to make sure that we’re poised to take advantage of that world which we think is going to be a fantastic world for us.

There’s couldn’t have been a year or more of pent up demand from consumers who haven’t been able to do things that they love, these special occasions that we’re known for. And so we want to make sure we’re ready in position with our inventory and marketing to take advantage of that situation as soon as it comes.

Operator

Our next question is from Ross Sandler with Barclays. Your line is open.

Ross Sandler

Just a question about active customer count, so actually declined quarter-on-quarter for the first time. I know that’s a TTM number. But can you just walk us through how of much that is from just the overall environment and things like stimulus checks that are out of your controls versus the reduction in marketing and maybe tougher time retaining customers. And it sounds like I’m glad to hear that you guys are going to lean back in starting now. But how are you thinking about balancing these record high EBITDA margins with just growing top of the funnel and getting back out there with more customer acquisition. That’s the first question. And then just any learnings from the live streaming efforts thus far how that in terms of adding to your ability to grow the funnel and attract new customers.

Jesse Timmermans

Hi Ross, this is Jesse. I’ll start out with couple of just quick details and then it over to Mike to talk a little bit more about the acquisition and the lean in. You’re right we did see active customers decline sequentially and you know that’s largely an impact of the COVID world. We do think there was a benefit from the stimulus check and the extra unemployment that was happening through July that started to hit us and now through the second wave of COVID cases and everything else that you hear out there. So there definitely is an impact there. And we anticipated that active customer number to come down sequentially from the plus 12-ish we’re at the end of the last quarter to plus five now. It’s a combination of both the new and the repeat and that’s what you know tell us it’s largely a COVID impact. 45% of that active customer base is repeater or an existing customer. But they continue a much larger share of the revenue so important that we lean on that existing customer.

Mike Karanikolas

And looking at the broader picture Ross. We’re in a world today in the second quarter and then the third quarter as well that does play to our strengths as a brand and as a retailer. We’re known for social occasions and living your best life. And [indiscernible] in a period where those things were all true. So it’s due to the environment we’re facing and uncertainly with the quarter-to-quarter dynamics. You have a term called month number as well as some of the pressures that we ignored [ph] in the third quarter, where we saw for example the digital advertising markets get much more competitive in the third quarter not just on a sequential basis but also on a year-over-year basis. Where there a lot of players stepping in a big way that they had historically. That from a year-over-year comp perspective that has an impact but we feel good about of the trajectory there and as we discussed we’re going to start leaning on the marketing as well. The inventory position as we get closer to a post-COVID world which it looks like – best information available should be sometime in Q2 or Q3 and we want to be first there, so that we can leverage our brands that really going to work in that world.

Operator

Your next question is from Oliver Chen with Cowen. Your line is open.

Oliver Chen

The September information is very helpful. On the down high single-digit, what were some of the levers underneath that with average order value and transaction count? I mean what are some of the optimistic cases for how that could improve going forward. We would also just love your take on – your commentary on Owned Brands. It’s such a dynamic environment currently. But what are you seeing that really helps inform the innovation that you have planned there and the impact that it will have later to your prepared remark on Owned Brands? Thank you.

Jesse Timmermans

Hi Oliver, this is Jesse. I’ll take the first one and then kick it over Michael. As we said on our prepared remarks, we did see September come down in that high single-digit range and that continued through October. The drivers there are really consistent with the remarks we made on both September and October and lower average order value continues driven by those same factors that are shift in mix, offset by continued strength in full price that was really strong in the quarter which drove that margin. Better margins on the markdown merchandise, all centered around that improved inventory hold. So its lot of the same as the commentary we made earlier just the overall macro pressure.

Sorry, one more comment I missed that last part of your question on the back half of Q4. We’re not commenting on that. We’re just commenting what happened through October and November to-date it’s really volatile with election and this is just such a short period of time, kind of staying away from comments there and also kind of prepared for just prolonged promotional cadence in this holiday period and back to the comments on margin we made for the quarter.

Oliver Chen

What’s your thoughts on Owned Brands? Thank you.

Michael Mente

Hi Oliver. With regards to owned brands I’m sure going through the call that pre-COVID period we were pulling back Owned Brand and kind of resetting and regrouping, continue to invest. And then with COVID, we really accelerated that because of the dollar commitment per style with the Owned Brand division compared to third-party where we have lot less flexibility. As of now, we’ll begin to ramp up quite aggressively. Q3 will probably be our trough in terms of styles to levered and call it a ball park, at least get 50% into Q4 and similar growth rate into Q1 and Q2 of next year. So that margin, that reinvestment period has already begun.

On top of that, I’m very excited because it’s not just getting those numbers up and also the diversity and the quality of the product is going to be much, much different and very, very exciting for us. Largely in times past we were very, very successful with China-based woven dresses and tops move such and that’s been where the Owned Brand division really thrived and we continue to make investments in other aspects of supply chain. Again COVID really accelerated this and now the sweaters and knits business for us is extremely important. Owned Brand division is doing very, very well with sweaters and knits and continued investments in other categories. In 2021, we’ll be seeing continued investments in denim, continued investments in activewear especially and also sustainable product as well. So we’ll be ramping up aggressively and the product that’ll be upcoming. We’re very, very excited and we think it’s going to be better than ever.

Oliver Chen

Thank you very much. Final question. So your call out on large scale in person events, has that been different from how you previously observed the impact there? And also, how do you plan on this dynamic environment to be ready and what are different risk factors? Are those like uncontrollable and controllable factors around the environment that we’re seeing? Thanks.

Michael Mente

In times past large scale in person events will go synonymous with deploying large amounts of marketing capital in very, very effective ways under the investment of table that we continue to expand. We started with smaller events and we were able to scale them, getting more impact and more efficiency something for sure, we missed. We have things that have been starting to ramp up. Right now where Camp REVOLVE which we had to do instead of doing a large deal event, which is four separate groups instead of having all groups together at once. But we’re starting to ramp up in person events.

We have a number of options on the menu for Q1 and Q2. We’ll have to be a little patient in terms of committing to anything, to see how the world plays out. We’re very optimistic. I’m sure the rest of the world is about the vaccine. And depending on how the environment is, the events will just get large and large in scale as things progress and ultimately when we fell that we’re in the safe world, where we could all get together again and we’ll be able to [indiscernible]. You’ll probably see a larger scale events and the best party in the world coming very, very soon in REVOLVE, around the world, in the early [ph] 2020s with a lot of people. Really just excited to wear their favorite clothes and hang out with friends and that’s the time that we’re looking forward and I’m sure our shareholders are really looking forward to that as well.

Operator

Our next question is from Mark Altschwager with Baird. Your line is open.

Mark Altschwager

First more of a short-term question. It’s given the plan to lean back into marketing. Is it your expectation that you can drive some reacceleration from the down high single digits over the remainder of the quarter, assuming the leverage you’re pulling from [indiscernible] perspective or otherwise that would give more optimism for the holiday season? And then just longer term looking into 2021 and the spring and festival season obviously very important period for you, where we sit today it seems like we can’t really plan on events being back to normal by then. Though I’m sure I’m wrong so since maybe just give us some insights with how you’re positioning yourself for the spring season. How much more aggressively do you want to lean into some of these stay at home categories? How responsive can you be to consumer shift back into the traditional fashion categories more roughly than expected, some insight there would be great? Thanks.

Mike Karanikolas

Definitely, so [indiscernible] increasing our marketing expenditures. At the same time historically the way we always play thing is we go with the current. And so we’re not going to fight a brick wall just to achieve a certain number and put dollars to work – effective. But we do understand that we do need to put dollars to work ahead of when we think the rebound will occur particularly on the brand marketing side. Where a lot of the impact of brand marketing is longer term in terms of the messaging, in terms of seeing awareness, so that’s really where we’re going to lean on, and starting to ramp up investments as is practical given the environment because there’s still a lot of constraints within the environment as far as us making those investments. To make sure that we’re well positioned as soon as the world turns. And then I think in terms of seeing our merchandize mix and timing of pre-COVID, post-COVID kind of transitionary period. It’s going to be balanced. We’re willing to take some bets and be wrong there just because we think it’s such a huge opportunity to be there first with a great selection as soon as people are able to get out and do the things that they love. And it’s just perfectly aligned with what our brand is all about. So we’re willing to take a little bit of risk there. But obviously I think if you look at track record. We don’t take foolish risk; you know the calculated managed risks.

Operator

Our next question is from Michael Binetti with Credit Suisse. Your line is open.

Michael Binetti

I wanted to ask you, a couple of things, I guess. The sustainability of margins it’s on third quarter obviously we heard Jesse’s commentary on some of the components for fourth quarter. But maybe just some thoughts on when you think the mixed brand starting the mix of Owned Brands with that higher year-over-year and when your inventory in total will be back in line with sales. And then, I guess do you feel like when you look at the active customer trends. Do you feel like that you lost a customer that was coming to you for markdowns, discounted products only or do you have data that the customer that mostly lapsed or was it temporary lapsed and they’ll be back as the markdown levels normalize and do you want them back as though?

Michael Mente

It’s Michael. I’ll take the first one and then kick it over Mike on the customer components. As we commented on, we’re starting to already invested in inventory, inventory is up $9 million sequentially. So we’re starting to make that improvement, our investment in inventory. We’re still down meaningfully year-over-year. So we don’t expect that line to cross until probably mid-year of next year. You have to of course consider the significant cuts we made this year. So there’s some comp dynamics as you look into 2021. But we’re taking as Mike mentioned on the previous question balanced risk as we look ahead into post-COVID world. And then on gross margin and Owned Brand, same thing. We’ve already started to make those investments. Those will kick in really until mid-2021 before we see that line start to cross, just given the timing in inventory dynamics there.

Mike Karanikolas

On the customer front, I think there’s a couple dynamics going on. Certainly there’s decreased levels of markdowns which are really pretty much historical lows and in the current quarter as far as if you look at how we normally perform in the third quarter. Certainly there are some customers that aren’t buying now but would buy, if we have markdowns as great as the performance in the quarter was and as great as our momentum is, and what we believe is our ability to manage inventory. We will have quarters in the future that have more markdowns aiming for that customer will come back then. But I think more importantly, we know that there’s a huge portion of customers out there that, that know us, that love us but haven’t forgotten about us, that are dying to shop. But just there are not right occasions to shop for in the ways that they normally shop.

I actually got an email just this morning from a customer. We were just talking about how much she loved REVOVLE and how much she was looking forward to shopping with us again as soon as COVID was over and her husband could run his business again. And I’m sure there’s many more stories like that out there. I had another customer that last earnings call, she saw me on TV and reached out and she talked about, she loves us, she shops all the time. She can only shop us for active. She’s pretty much only been shopping with us for activewear in the current period. But she can’t wait until things are back to normal and she can shop us for all the same things that she normally loves us for. So the customer is there. She loves us.

We’re really pleased with the results that we’ve had during this period given how opposite it is that what our brand is all about and we’re going to make sure we make the good investments into marketing and our inventory position and just be operationally nimble. So that when the post-COVID world hits and when that pent-up demand is unleashed and everyone goes back to doing the things they love. We’re going to be there to take advantage of it.

Operator

Our next question is from Kimberly Greenberger with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Kimberly Greenberger

I wanted to ask a question about Q4 marketing this year. It makes sense obviously to start investing back into marketing. I’m wondering if you did that in the month of October and if so, did you see any knock-on benefits to revenue in the month of October from that. And then as we look out to next year, should we expect to see marketing normalize back at that kind of 15% level or are there any kind of savings that you think you’ll flow to the bottom line on that market line. Thanks so much.

Mike Karanikolas

Yes, so on a sequential basis we’ve been beginning to invest more and more in marketing with each month. I think we could have briefly discussed some of the revenue trends in October and how they were similar to what we saw in October. So I wouldn’t say we’ve seen the fruits of those investments yet. But there’s a lot we do in the marketing side because the brand marketing that’s really kind of lagging in its impact in terms of how our marketing works. And so not to mention that October is very unseal month we’ve got COVID environment and also the election noise going on. So I wouldn’t read too much into that.

And then in terms of looking into the future. We intend generally to invest just as much in marketing as we ever have. But we’re also not [indiscernible] about things. We play every environment different, any information comes out that to us, it’s better to adjust our strategy. We’ll certainly do that. But we’ve said since we went public and it continues to be the case that marketing’s are important to us for spreading, our brand message preceding awareness that we’re in the early innings in terms of the customers that we can capture with just over 2% penetration of our target market. And so it’s going to be a big part of our expenditures and strategy going forward.

Operator

Our next question is from Aaron Kessler with Raymond James. Your line is open.

Aaron Kessler

Couple questions. First on the promotional environment, any more color around that, is it mostly traditional retailers. And second, based on the content marketing. I think you talked about little bit that last quarter getting some good traction there with some of the video and any thoughts on Instagram Reels that is a platform for you guys as well. Thank you.

Mike Karanikolas

Michael, do you want to maybe take the content marketing side of things?

Michael Mente

Yes, the content part definitely. Considering quite interesting that’s really kind of – its super interesting as we’re [indiscernible] modeling brands we’re making moves, accelerated moves and the same goes to our in-person event and such. REVOLVE U [ph] is something we’re planning for – it’s been on in the brainstorming sessions for maybe over a year or so. We thought that this will be the perfect time to actually do something like that where in person and parties and such for the longer relevant and such.

So in the future we’ll definitely see a combination of these digital events that we’re doing combined with in person events and then potentially integrate them. So very excited about that. Reels has been interesting and I think we saw tremendous boost in that outset. I think potentially there was a push there where we were seeing a lot of eyeballs and we see things taper off a little bit. So we’ll see how things evolve. We’re very long-term minded and I think Instagram Stories is a good example of setting that and the outset wasn’t particularly impactful. But really steadily grew into something that was very, very important for us. So we’ll continue to invest in Reels and hopefully that will continue to gain traction in there and will be important part of component.

Mike Karanikolas

And then with regards to the promotional environment. We’ve certainly seen in easing of things particularly on the luxury side. But I think if you look at REVOLVE versus the broader market things have eased much more sharply and probably ease isn’t the right word for our own markdown positions. The consumer demand is shifted to be less marked down focused than it was. But at the same time, we’re in active discussion during the quarter was that we do have enough markdown merchandise to meet the markdown demand from our consumers and that’s a good problem to have. But it’s certainly had an impact on a revenue from the quarter.

Operator

Our next question is from Justin Post with Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Your line is open.

Justin Post

I’m just wondering you had some real efficiencies on the cost side for the last couple of quarters. Guidance and outlook kind of discusses some of those maybe dissipating or making more investments. But when you think out year or two, what are some of the lasting cost savings that might continue going forward? Thank you.

Jesse Timmermans

Yes, sure. So I think if you just work down through the P&L starting from the top. Fulfillment is an area where we do see lasting efficiencies, combination of two factors there really overtime and maybe I’m thinking in longer term. One and we refer to this to a lot because it’s meaningful. But the efficiency gain is a result of the automation investments that we’ve made over the last 18 months and then also capacity. We invested in the new warehouse last year, they did this 2x to 3x capacity that we’re at now. So we should see natural levers on that line item over time. As we mentioned there is a return rate component there so.

We do anticipate returns to pick up slightly sequentially hopefully lower than our peak times the last year in that 55% range. So we do hope some of that return dynamic does play out in a post-COVID world but not banking on that one. Selling and distribution will continue to be pressured there as shipping costs go up year-on-year pretty consistently. We’ll look to make improvements overtime within increasing AOV over the longer term that should give us some easing there. Marketing we talked about. We’ll continue to make investments and not banking on really any leverage on that line item over time. And then G&A, which is largely fixed with scale we’ll get leverage on that line item.

Operator

Your next question is from Bob Drbul with Guggenheim Partners. Your line is open.

Bob Drbul

Just a couple quick questions for you. I think the first one is, when you talk about September trends, October trends and in November. With the performance of international, can you maybe give us a little color on what you saw on the international markets? It’s my first question and the second question is, are you partnering with any of the top TikTokers as you think about how the world is changing these deals versus Instagram? That will be helpful. Thanks.

Mike Karanikolas

Yes, so with regards to the international markets, we saw strength in the third quarter, particularly in our western markets, so in Western Europe and Australia, Canada. We saw double-digit gains in those markets. So we feel very good about our progress and trajectory there. Certainly, in the near term with resurgence in COVID in Europe and exercise some near-term caution to headwinds in the current quarter, but I feel great about the trajectory there. And then offset by some weakness in Asia. Asia is an area where we’re starting to make, I think, some more meaningful investments and have some interesting partnerships that we’re working on, but not quite there yet. And so hopefully, as those things come to fruition, we’ll see some gains there. And then also, Hong Kong has been for a while, our most important Asian market and that region has been very troubled for a number of quarters now with the rest.

Michael Mente

When it comes to TikTok, I would probably phrase it, we haven’t worked with the top TikTokers, we have worked with the top fashion TikTokers, where we see the top TikTokers getting tens of millions of views and then create insane numbers. But the content really is a fashion focus and it really isn’t quite aligned with our brand. But the top fashion TikTokers are very, very much in line with our brand and we have worked with them and we plan to work with them much, much more. We see the content to be a little bit more in depth compared to Instagram. Where it’s really numerous kind of styling tips and outfits and a lot of richer content. To me, it’s a little bit more akin to YouTube than Instagram, which I think is right in between is very, very exciting. And we will continue to do a lot more.

The only disadvantage with TikTok being an earlier platform is that the access to data and kind of like our tools aren’t as developed as Instagram tools that we’ve had for nearly 10 years now. So whether it be our in-house things or the numbers that TikTok [indiscernible] see in house, or that’s third-party APIs have won’t be as robust as Instagram for a little bit. But the encouraging numbers that we have are very exciting and no doubt, we’ll see a lot more REVOLVE on TikTok.

Operator

Your next question is from Roxanne Meyer with MKM Partners. Your line is open.

Roxanne Meyer

My first question is on, wondering if you could provide a little bit of color about the performance. Obviously, you’ve got quite a number of sub categories. So curious if they’ve all been weaker or they’ve been pockets of strength in some of them. Also curios what percent of 4Q dresses as typically represent and perhaps how they’re positioned this year given your investment in other categories?

Michael Mente

When it comes to categorization and sub-categorization, it becomes like a very, very complex situation because the way we look at categories is multi-dimensional. Of course, overall, we see dresses down quite a bit compared to our other categories. But within dresses, there’s sub-categories and there’s end uses that are doing very, very well. So we kind of will sometimes share high level category data that kind of illustratively tell the story of how the business is performing. But as you go deep and deep, there’s strong pockets of success across the Board.

I think one thing, this is an interesting fun one to me that we saw that activewear dresses was extremely strong. It’s kind of like the cross pollination of activewear, which of course everyone loves. In this pandemic time period, we’re doing extremely well with a traditional REVOLVE category, so that’s something that seems very, very exciting to us, but yet small. But Jesse, do you want to talk about Q4 dynamics in terms of categorization and such, it’s definitely going out dresses and there’s certain categories. We have various degrees of going out dresses, that I’m sure we’ll suffer but there’s also other categories that are very holiday oriented that will boost, which we anticipate such as sweaters and knits and such.

Jesse Timmermans

Yes, sure. Just to give some more context, maybe even beyond Q4 on dress mix. Historically it’s been at or slightly greater than third of our business. Then in Q2, we saw that drop off mainly [ph] to closer to 20%. We did see some recover into Q3. So dresses did improve sequentially and I think you the most exciting part about that sequential improvement is that came from full price dress sales as we commented on the prepared remarks. We saw significant decrease in amount of markdown dress sales from Q2 to Q3. So exciting to see that dresses come back in a full price way. And then the Q4 skews, slightly higher on dresses that compared to other quarters of the years just given that occasion wear dynamic, but not meaningfully. So we’ll continue to see similar pressure on dresses as we have in the last quarter or two until we get into a real post-COVID world.

Operator

Our next question is from Matt Koranda with ROTH Capital. Your line is open.

Matt Koranda

Two from me. The first one is just overall orders per active customer look a little lower on a like-for-like basis year-over-year and sequentially. So it’s understandable that you’ve got certain existing customers that may pull back in this period. But any detail you can provide on sort of order frequency between older and newer cohorts and what you’re seeing in terms of differences between those would be helpful.

Jesse Timmermans

Sorry, go ahead, do you have more?

Matt Koranda

Sorry, the other one was on return rates and I guess they had it higher in short-term, it depends on mix. But is there anything you guys can do structurally to bring those levels down and take advantage of kind of the lower rates that you’ve enjoyed over the last quarter or two there in the pandemic?

Jesse Timmermans

Yes, I’ll take the first one there, and then Mike can comment on longer term return dynamics. We did see that order frequency come down, but keep in mind that sequentially, it did kick up very slightly from Q2 to Q3. So we’re encouraged about that. And we’re still running higher than our historical averages, if you look back pre-2019, late 2018. So it’s still a very active customer. And it came from both the new and the repeat side. Really, the customer dynamics to a large extent near the results on our financials where you see her purchasing at lower AOVs, shifting from dresses into beauty. You saw, as we discussed earlier, a large kind of markdown component in Q2 that shifted to a large full price component in Q3. Also a grade that we’re seeing the percentage of beauty products from new customers doubled this quarter compared to the prior year. You saw an offset there in dresses. But kind of largely the customer still behaves relatively consistently with how she has in the past and just some quarter-to-quarter dynamics with shift in merchandising mix and AOVs.

Mike Karanikolas

And then in terms of the longer term trajectory with return rates, it’s very difficult even for us to disaggregate the impact of COVID and some of the longer term things we’re working on, but we’re certainly hopeful that some of the things we’ve been working on will hopefully hold up post-COVID, not to the same level, certainly we’re seeing here on return rate, but that we’re hoping we’ll get some gains on the return rate dynamics, various factors, including some category mix shifts that should potentially stay post-COVID due to investments we’ve been making on our side in terms of our quality and presenting the product inaccurately and kind of other things we’ve been working on internally. As well as some other, I guess, more proprietary levers that pull that we’re hopeful will have an impact. It just so happens, a lot of those things came to fruition at the same time as COVID hit. So we’ll have to see post-COVID to what extent those initiatives hold up.

And then long, long-term, we’re very bullish on return rate improvements. We think there’s a lot that can be done in the online world to better communicate to customers what products are the products you’re going to love, not just on the site, but once she gets them in person and once she tries them on. And so that’s always an area that we’re investing in.

Operator

We have time for one more question. Our last question is from Ralph Schackart with William Blair. Your line is open.

Ralph Schackart

Great. Thanks for squeezing me in. Two questions, if I could. Jesse, you talked about September declines in the high single-digit range. Can you maybe give us some perspective on the linearity of the declines in September and then this really change or the trajectory change in October, just see more deceleration, acceleration, was it fairly steady? And then just in terms of when a vaccine rolls out and the world starts to open again, what’s the lead time you need to plan your larger in person events? Thank you.

Jesse Timmermans

Yeah. On the September – October dynamic, it was pretty consistent across the two months. Of course, there’s day-to-day and week-to-week dynamics, but for September and October, largely similar with a lot of dynamics at play in those couple of months, the second wave COVID and a lot of just macro pressures and external pressure. And then on the large-scale events, the team can react very quickly. You saw that as we headed into COVID and their ability to quickly pull back on events, and restructure and recreate kind of and move into this live streaming and content. So we’re optimistic, and they can move really fast to get into events when the time is right.

Michael Mente

Yes, Michael here, just additional commentary is that there’s a number of events that are really on the shelf ready to go. It’s really about a matter of which one do we pull when and eyeing that through maybe the next couple of months and just early next year. We are there, ready to go and we very looking forward to it. And I think it will continue as the vaccine rolls out and maybe pre-vaccine, we’ll have some activities going. Post vaccine, we are locked and loaded with the capital and with the plans and the desire to go. So very excited.

Operator

And there are no further questions at this time. I’ll now turn the call back to management for closing remarks.

Mike Karanikolas

Well thank you everyone for joining us today. Thanks again to our team and on this Veterans Day a special thanks to those that have served our country. Thank you for your sacrifice.

Operator

This concludes today’s conference call and you may now disconnect.

On religion, the Census is asking the wrong questions - ABC Online
On religion, the Census is asking the wrong questions – ABC Online

I was finally chosen to be in a polling sample. I was elated. I often wonder about polls, and I know plenty of people but so few of them have ever been part of a sample. But this year, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) chose my suburb to test run the 2021 Census.

So, dutifully, on 29 October, those in my household answered all the questions we were asked to address. The process was straightforward, easy to follow, and all done online. We were glad to be part of a process which will help researchers and policy-makers to understand the nature and composition of the Australian community.

All except when it came to the question concerning religion. I presume the sample was produced because the Bureau wants to get this right. If so, the questions that are asked about religion must change. Researchers and policymakers need an accurate picture of our religious landscape. Without significant improvement, the Census will give poor quality, confused, and — worse — misleading information. Whether intentional or not, the question elicited information that is necessarily misleading or unrepresentative.

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The question on religion provided multiple choice answers organised by “no religion”, denomination of choice, and religion of choice. The initial (perhaps, the default?) position went to “no religion”, which was left in a category of its own and separated by a line before denominations and religions were listed. The religions and denominations seemed to be listed in descending order according to their number of adherents as per the last Census. So Catholic and Anglican were at the top of the list, while others like Hindus and Baptists were further down. Finally, there was a box to indicate any other religion that did not appear on the list.

I find Census information to be most useful and I’m glad that our nation devotes the time, attention, and resources to gathering accurate information about the population. As a person deeply involved in religion, I’m particularly interested in religious statistics — as, I’m sure, are other “religious practitioners”. It is important to measure the steady decline of the old European denominations of Christianity, and the increase in both non-Western, non-Christian religions and “no religion”.

But a partial picture can be worse than no picture at all — especially when the part that is provided comes with the authority and imprimatur of the ABS. Such a partial picture can lead not only to the perpetuation of inaccuracies and outright falsehoods in journalistic reporting (which is far from uncommon when it comes to religion) and polemical lobbying, but also to bad decisions in the area of public policy. Our national life suffers when the make-up of the nation is misrepresented due to sloppy census data collection.

The right question to ask is not which denomination you belong to, but which religion — Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism or Islam. Furthermore, to ask only about Christian denominations ignores important distinctions between, for instance, Sunni and Shi’a within the Muslim community. The way the question was framed, moreover, ignores or elides the reality that within Australia there is a growing number of active Christians who have little to no denominational affiliation or interest.

With 30 per cent of Australians identifying with the description “no religion” in the 2016 Census, it is important to clarify the meaning of “no religion”. So, for example, some Australians claim they are “spiritual” but not religious; others say they are agnostic or largely disinterested in religion; and still others insist they are convinced atheists. Lumping all those who describe themselves as having “no religion” together, while differentiating Christians down to denominations that make up less than one per cent of the population, cannot help but produce a distorted picture of Australian society and the ways it is changing.

It is easy to make a complaint and not offer an alternative, but not particularly helpful. So, let me recommend to the Australian Bureau of Statistics the following:

1. That all options, including “no religion”, be presented alphabetically.

2. That the basic question be divided between:

  • Buddhism
  • Christianity
  • Hinduism
  • Islam
  • Judaism
  • No religion
  • Other

3. That one’s belonging to particular religious denominations or sects (including those within Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, and so on) and more precise specifications of what one means by “no religion” (atheist, agnostic, no interest, spiritual) be offered as sub-questions beneath these more basic religious groupings.

For the sake of continuity and the discernment of emerging trends, it is important that such questions allow for comparisons from one Census to the next. What I am suggesting would allow such comparisons to be made, but it would also give us a more accurate picture of a vital aspect of Australian society.

As a Christian, I am concerned for the truth. Of course, I would like to see Christianity growing in Australia. But that has to be a reality, and not a wish or a distorted Census report. A picture of reality is what the Census should provide. But at the moment, if the ABS continues with its sample Census, we will not have reality but half-truths and distortions that are impossible to usefully evaluate.

As our society changes and grows increasingly multicultural and religiously diverse, it is vital that the questions we ask about religion keep pace with those changes and not keep repeating anachronistic or unrepresentative categories. The changes that a regular Census shows must change the Census itself. The growth in the number of, say, Muslims and Hindus in Australian society warrants finding out more about their particular religious adherence.

The growth of “no religion” — since being moved from the bottom of the list to the top in the Census — also warrants clarification. At its most basic level, it is important to understand whether this represents a growth in atheism or a rejection of organised religion. Likewise, differentiating between Christian denominations at a time when such differences are diminishing, but leaving the far more differentiated category of “no religion” as a single entity, strikes me as ridiculous. If the “no religion” category has grown over recent decades to nearly one third of the population, it is archaic and anachronistic for the Census itself to remain unchanged.

Phillip Jensen is an author, preacher, and the former Anglican Dean of Sydney. He now works at Two Ways Ministries in Sydney.

European Union Puts Tariffs on U.S. Goods, Including Ag Products
European Union Puts Tariffs on U.S. Goods, Including Ag Products

The European Union said earlier this week it will impose tariffs on up to four billion dollars’ worth of U.S. goods and services, including some agricultural imports.

The move comes out of a dispute over U.S. assistance for Boeing, which is a bitter rival to Europe’s Airbus. According to NewsTribune.com, European trade ministers agreed on the move a few weeks after international arbitrators gave the EU the go-ahead for implementing the tariffs.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) ruled that some of the U.S. support for Boeing was illegal and said the EU could make up for that with a limited amount of duties on U.S. trade. The tariffs are officially in effect on Tuesday.

“Regrettably, despite our best efforts and due to the lack of progress from the U.S. side, we can confirm that the European Union will exercise our rights and impose the countermeasures,” said Valdis Dombrovskis, EU Commission’s executive vice president.

It was a year ago that the WTO ruled similarly for the United States, allowing it to impose duties on EU goods worth up to $7.5 billion because of European support for Airbus.

The EU Trade Commission is calling on the U.S. to agree that both sides will drop their countermeasures immediately so that they can put the issue behind them.

Turkey forewarns Pompeo on religion ahead of visit
Turkey forewarns Pompeo on religion ahead of visit

ANKARA — US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo’s planned visit to Turkey got off to a rocky start on Wednesday when Ankara criticised his decision to raise the issue of religious freedom.

Washington’s top diplomat will be in Istanbul next Monday and Tuesday as part of a seven-nation tour that also takes him to France and parts of the Middle East.

The Istanbul leg is notable for an absence of scheduled meetings with any top Turkish officials.

His only planned talks are with Bartholomew I of Constantinople — the spiritual leader of the Greek Orthodox world.

The State Department said Pompeo wanted to “discuss religious issues in Turkey and the region and to promote our strong stance on religious freedom around the world”.

The meeting with the patriarch will come four months after President Recep Tayyip Erdogan converted Istanbul’s emblematic Hagia Sophia monument into a mosque.

Pompeo publically criticised the conversion in July.

The Turkish foreign ministry called Pompeo’s chosen subject matter for the visit “completely irrelevant”.

“It would be more suitable for the US to first look in the mirror and show the requisite sensitivity towards human rights violations in the country such as racism, Islamophobia and hate crimes,” it said in the English-language statement.

Relations between Washington and its strategic NATO ally have run hot and cold during Donald Trump’s presidency.

Erdogan has cultivated close personal relations with Trump and been able to call him up directly to try to influence specific policy decisions.

But Ankara and Washington have also sparred over US support for a Syrian Kurdish militia that Turkey views as a grave security threat.

Erdogan congratulated Joe Biden for his election victory on Tuesday — three full days after it was called by US media.

He followed that up by sending a separate message to Trump a few hours later expressing thanks for his “warm friendship” and saying he stood by his side “no matter how the official election result is certified”.

The Turkish foreign did not explain why none of its officials had planned meetings with Pompeo.

But it noted that its “reaction” to his visit “has been duly conveyed to the US side, together with our advice to focus instead primarily on increasing the cooperation between our countries regarding regional and global matters”.

European Union – The Capital Markets Union: Slow Progress
European Union – The Capital Markets Union: Slow Progress

The free movement of capital is a key long-standing objective of the European Union. It is one of the pillars of the Single Market, along with the free movement of people, goods and services. Despite the Commission’s efforts to achieve the ambitious goal of building a capital markets union (CMU), results are still to come, according to a report presented by the European Court of Auditors (ECA) today.

Click here for full details.

Secularism: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion
Secularism: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion

In an ideal world, I shouldn’t know a politician’s or Supreme Court justice’s religious beliefs. 

I think religion should be a private matter that isn’t used to garner support from voters and other people. 

I especially don’t think taxpayer dollars should be allocated to churches. 

Churches have seen an increase in federal funds

According to NPR, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said President Trump and Vice President Pence “made sure” churches would be included in the Small Business Administration (SBA) providing economic relief.

Under the Trump administration, the federal government has already been providing funds directly to churches, synagogues, mosques and other religious organizations, according to NPR. 

In 2018, the Federal Emergency Management Agency changed its rules to make houses of worship eligible for disaster aid.

The new SBA program significantly increased federal funding of religious institutions. 

Under the new Paycheck Protection Program, businesses with fewer than 500 employees, including faith-based organizations, are eligible to receive loans of up to $10 million, with at least 75% of the money going to cover payroll costs. 

The loans are largely forgivable, so churches and other houses of worship don’t have to worry about paying all the money back.

Bankruptcy exceptions

According to Associated Press, four dioceses sued the federal government to receive loans, even though they had entered bankruptcy proceedings due to the mounting number of clergy sexual abuse claims. 

The Small Business Administration rules prohibit loans to applicants in bankruptcy. 

However, the Archdiocese of Santa Fe, New Mexico, a now-closed and notorious treatment center for predator priests, prevailed in court, receiving nearly $1 million. 

On the U.S. territory of Guam, well over 200 clergy abuse lawsuits led the Archdiocese of Agana to seek bankruptcy protection, but they received at least $1.7 million.

Pandemic relief

According to Associated Press, the U.S. Roman Catholic Church’s haul of federal aid may have reached, or even exceeded, $3.5 billion, making them among the biggest winners in the U.S. government’s pandemic relief efforts.

So, while according to the Internal Revenue Service, “churches and religious organizations are generally exempt from income tax and receive other favorable treatment under the tax law,” they are receiving billions in taxpayer funds that they are largely not contributing to in the first place.

Meanwhile, many small businesses that do not have mounting numbers of sexual abuse cases and bankruptcy found themselves with a dire lack of aid, causing thousands of businesses across the country to close their doors either temporarily or permanently. 

These bailouts were a gross misuse of emergency aid.

‘In God We Trust’

The phrase “In God We Trust” should absolutely not be the official motto of the U.S., nor should it be printed on our money. 

In 1956, President Eisenhower (R) signed a law making “In God We Trust” the official U.S. motto. The law also mandated that the motto must be printed on all U.S. currency.

In an entry in The Society Pages, Lisa Wade, an author with a PhD in sociology, wrote that the political motivation behind the new official motto was not to appease Christian Americans, but to claim moral high ground over and demonize the Soviet Union.

Wade wrote, “Placing ‘In God We Trust’ on the U.S. dollar was a way to establish the United States as a Christian nation and differentiate them from their enemy.”

But, the U.S. is not a Christian nation. According to Pew Research Center, only 65% of American adults describe themselves as Christians when asked about their religion, down 12 percentage points over the past decade.

About 26% of Americans describe their religious identity as atheist, agnostic or “nothing in particular,” up by 9% since 2009. This means about 85.3 million people in the U.S. do not affiliate with a religion.

Besides the decline of Christianity, a nation founded on valuing a secular government should not be endorsing a deity of any kind in its official national motto.

Instead, we should be using our original de facto motto, “E pluribus unum,” which is Latin for “out of many, one.” This motto was put on the Great Seal by the Founding Fathers. Or, come up with a new one altogether.

‘Under God…’

I also strongly believe the phrase “under God” should be taken out of the Pledge of Allegiance.

According to USHistory.org, the Pledge of Allegiance was written in 1892 by a socialist minister named Francis Bellamy. 

Originally, the pledge didn’t have “under God” in it. It wasn’t until 1954 that President Eisenhower encouraged Congress to add “under God” to the pledge, an obvious violation of religious freedom.

While no one is forced to say the pledge, it doesn’t make sense for a part of it to be directly citing God, a deity many people in the U.S. don’t believe in. 

On top of that, having God in the pledge directly infringes on the Bill of Rights. 

In the very first amendment, the Bill of Rights states that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.” 

Putting God in the pledge is prohibiting the free exercise of religion.

Public schooling

The unwilling indoctrination of children into a religion should not be taxpayer-funded, meaning prayer and religious religious rituals should definitely be kept out of public schools. 

Children and their families can practice whatever they’d like in private schools and at home, but following a religion should not be part of what public schools teach.

Political campaigns and religion

Politicians should not make their religion one of their main campaign themes to encourage people to vote for them.

Instead, they should prove they are ethical through their policies and what they plan to do for the country. 

Politicians can, of course, draw upon their religion for guidance, but gaining votes through claiming to be a part of a religion is an exploitation of people’s religions and beliefs.

Religious symbols on government property

In addition to these things, religious symbolism should not be displayed on government property. 

With the exception of someone’s private office, any symbolism of religion on government property violates the first amendment. 

If any religious symbolism is displayed, then symbolism from all other religions should be displayed as well. If this is not the case, then it is discriminatory.

What if it weren’t Judeo-Christianity?

If anyone objects to the principle of separation of church and state, I ask you, would you be okay with your tax money being funneled into a religion you are not a part of? 

Your child being taught a religion that you don’t believe in public school? 

How about religious symbolism from a religion you oppose on government property?

It is easy to turn a blind eye, or even support it, when a religion that is being funded by the government is a religion you’re a part of.

The church and state should not coincide with each other. Politicians shouldn’t be endorsing churches and vice versa. 

Taxpayer money should absolutely not be given to any religious organization, and if the church expects bailouts then they need to start contributing taxes. 

According to the Bill of Rights Institute, Thomas Jefferson, a Founding Father, writer of the Declaration of Independence and third president of the U.S., wrote in a letter to a Baptist Church:

“I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should ‘make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,’ thus building a wall of separation between Church and State.”